abdominal nerve [FBbt_00002179]
Any nerve (FBbt:00005105) that is part of some abdomen (FBbt:00000020).
Tag: Neuron_projection_bundle
abdominal nerve trunk on adult VNS template, Court2018 [VFB_00100006]
[adult abdominal nerve trunk; abdominal nerve trunk on adult VNS template, Court2018; computer graphic; adult VNS template - Court2018]
abdominal segment 2 nerve on adult VNS template, Court2018 [VFB_00100009]
[computer graphic; adult second abdominal nerve; abdominal segment 2 nerve on adult VNS template, Court2018; adult VNS template - Court2018]
abdominal segment 3 nerve on adult VNS template, Court2018 [VFB_00100008]
[adult third abdominal nerve; computer graphic; adult VNS template - Court2018; abdominal segment 3 nerve on adult VNS template, Court2018]
abdominal segment 4 nerve on adult VNS template, Court2018 [VFB_00100007]
[adult fourth abdominal nerve; computer graphic; adult VNS template - Court2018; abdominal segment 4 nerve on adult VNS template, Court2018]
accessory mesothoracic nerve on adult VNS template, Court2018 [VFB_00100018]
[adult mesothoracic accessory nerve; accessory mesothoracic nerve on adult VNS template, Court2018; computer graphic; adult VNS template - Court2018]
accessory metathoracic nerve on adult VNS template, Court2018 [VFB_00100011]
[accessory metathoracic nerve on adult VNS template, Court2018; adult first abdominal nerve; computer graphic; adult VNS template - Court2018]
accessory pharyngeal nerve [FBbt_00004024]
The ~5um thick accessory pharyngeal nerve of the adult brain (Miller, 1950) contains axons connecting with the lower, anterior half of the adult head capsule including sensory organs along the esophagus (Ito et al., 2014). It fuses with the pharyngeal nerve in at their exit point from the gnathal ganglion, probably from the mandibular neuromere (Ito et al., 2014), but penetrate at a lower level into the space between the anterior cibarial plate and the dilator muscles. From here, the nerve enters the labrum to connect with its muscles and sense organs.
accessory pharyngeal nerve projection [FBbt_00004007]
Projection of the sensory fibers that make up the accessory pharyngeal nerve in the adult tritocerebrum. The accessory pharyngeal nerve coalesces with the pharyngeal nerve, and the projections of these two nerves are located ventral to the esophagus. Fibers have a predominantly ipsilateral arborization. Two levels of arborization can be distinguished: dorsal and ventral. Better recorded as connected_to than part_of tritocerebrum? VH.
accessory prothoracic nerve on adult VNS template, Court2018 [VFB_00100015]
[accessory prothoracic nerve on adult VNS template, Court2018; adult prothoracic accessory nerve; computer graphic; adult VNS template - Court2018]
adult abdominal nerve [FBbt_00047357]
Nerve of the adult abdomen.
adult abdominal nerve to the ovary [FBbt_00007336]
Paired nerve that branches from the abdominal nerve trunk and projects to the junction of the ovaries and the lateral oviduct where it branches repeatedly. Some branches radiate anteriorly across the peritoneal sheath, on which they terminate, mainly in the anterior two thirds of the ovary. Varicosities occur along these branches as well as at their ends. These branches do not penetrate the peritoneal sheath. Other branches innervate the lateral oviduct and the upper portion of the common oviduct. Two types of branches innervate the common oviduct - wandering fibers similar to those on the peritoneal sheath, and branches running circularly, parallel to the underlying myofibers.
adult abdominal nerve to the uterus [FBbt_00007337]
Paired nerve that branches from the abdominal nerve trunk and projects to the uterus where it innervated both the extrinsic muscles and the circular muscle fibers. One branch projects to the inner layers of the uterus.
adult abdominal nerve trunk [FBbt_00004099]
A fused terminal nerve that projects posteriorly along the midline from the posterior of the abdominal neuropil (Court et al., 2020).
adult abdominal segment nerve [FBbt_00004104]
Nerve that extends posteriorly from the adult abdominal ganglion. There is one that extends from each abdominal segment 1 to 5.
adult antennal lobe commissure [FBbt_00003979]
Commissure that connects the two antennal lobes at their postero-dorsal corners (Stocker et al., 1990). There are two of these, separated by the lateral accessory lobe commissure, and they extend in front of the ellipsoid body (Ito et al., 2014).
adult antennal lobe tract [FBbt_00100099]
Antennal lobe tract of the adult. It connects the antennal lobe to various neuropils of the protocerebrum.
adult antennal nerve [FBbt_00003980]
Nerve that carries axons associated with the antenna and upper head capsule to the brain (It et al., 2014). Near its entrance to the brain it consists of about 1700-1800 axons (Stocker, 1979; Stocker and Gendre, 1988). Approximately 1100-1200 of these are sensory fibers from the third antennal segment, mainly axons from olfactory receptor neurons that project to the antennal lobe ventrally, at its antero-ventral corner (Stocker, 1979; Stocker and Gendre, 1988; Kamikouchi et al., 2006). The remaining 500-600 fibers stem mainly from Johnston’s organ neurons and mechanosensory sensilla of the anterior head capsule, which target neuropil domains outside of the antennal lobe, including the antennal mechanosensory and motor center (Stocker, 1979; Kamikouchi et al., 2006). A few fibers from this nerve project to the gnathal ganglion and the ventrolateral protocerebrum (Ito et al., 2014). Stocker and Gendre provide the antennal nerve afferent counts based on TEM micrographs (Stocker and Gendre, 1988). Gross projection patterns within the brain were elucidated by Holmes-Blest reduced silver impregnation (Stocker et al., 1990). That the antennal nerve is composed of some 1200 third antennal segments and 500-600 fibers stemming from the JON and mechanosensory sensilla is based on two lines of evidence: 24hours after amputation of the funiculus, degeneration is seen in all but 500-600 fibers entering the antennal mechanosensory and motor center (Stocker et al., 1990); and Kamikouchi et al., (2006) used enhancer trap labelling and immunolabelling of JONs to trace their projections.
adult antenno-subesophageal tract [FBbt_00007354]
Adult tract that emerges from the root of the maxillary-labial nerve in the inferior gnathal ganglion (GNG), connecting it to inferior-posterior surface of the antennal lobe (Ito et al., 2014). It contains axons of (mostly olfactory sensory) neurons projecting from the GNG to the antennal lobe (Ito et al., 2014).
adult anterior anterior ventral commissure [FBbt_00047107]
Adult commissure found at the ventralmost margin of the anterior part of the neuromere, outside of the cell body rind (Court et al., 2020). It is derived from the larval anterior ventral commissure, which becomes segregated into two (anterior and posterior) adult commissures, and is formed by the primary neurite bundles of hemilineage 1A (Court et al., 2020). There is one in each thoracic segment (Court et al., 2020).
adult anterior dorsal commissure [FBbt_00007072]
A commissure located anterior and dorsal of the fan-shaped body which connects the two superior lateral protocerebrum synaptic neuropil domains of the adult brain. From Strausfeld (FlyBase:FBrf0239233, FlyBase:FBrf0239234) pg 65 in Musca Domestica. Confirmed as present in Drosophila melanogaster by VH & WP.
adult anterior dorsal mesothoracic decussation [FBbt_00047539]
Commissure formed from very few fibers (possibly just four) of the anterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve projecting medially to the contralateral side of the mesothoracic neuromere (Power, 1948).
adult anterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve [FBbt_00004060]
The largest and anterior-most of the two dorsal mesothoracic nerves (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020). It extends dorso-anteriorly from the ventral nerve cord and then dorso-laterally, bending around the anterior face of the anterior tergosternal muscles before splitting into branches that innervate the lateral muscles near the body wall, beneath the base of the wing (Power, 1948). It also sends a branch between the anterior tergosternal muscles (Power, 1948). As well as the coarse motor fibers, this nerve also carries fine sensory fibers from the wing (Power, 1948).
adult anterior dorsal primary neurite tract 1 [FBbt_00049306]
Primary neurite tract of the anterior dorsal (AD) adult brain in the first clockwise position (from anterior perspective), from ventrolateral to dorsal to ventromedial, of AD tracts that enter the lateral horn (Frechter et al., 2019). Lateral horn neurons that enter the neuropil via this tract are predominantly output neurons (Frechter et al., 2019).
adult anterior dorsal primary neurite tract 2 [FBbt_00049307]
Primary neurite tract of the anterior dorsal (AD) adult brain in the second clockwise position (from anterior perspective), from ventrolateral to dorsal to ventromedial, of AD tracts that enter the lateral horn (Frechter et al., 2019). Lateral horn neurons that enter the neuropil via this tract are predominantly output neurons (Frechter et al., 2019).
adult anterior dorsal primary neurite tract 3 [FBbt_00049308]
Primary neurite tract of the anterior dorsal (AD) adult brain in the third clockwise position (from anterior perspective), from ventrolateral to dorsal to ventromedial, of AD tracts that enter the lateral horn (Frechter et al., 2019).
adult anterior dorsal primary neurite tract 4 [FBbt_00049309]
Primary neurite tract of the anterior dorsal (AD) adult brain in the fourth clockwise position (from anterior perspective), from ventrolateral to dorsal to ventromedial, of AD tracts that enter the lateral horn (Frechter et al., 2019).
adult anterior dorsal primary neurite tract 5 [FBbt_00049310]
Primary neurite tract of the anterior dorsal (AD) adult brain in the fifth clockwise position (from anterior perspective), from ventrolateral to dorsal to ventromedial, of AD tracts that enter the lateral horn (Frechter et al., 2019).
adult anterior intermediate commissure [FBbt_00047554]
Any adult ventral nerve cord commissure that develops from a larval anterior intermediate commissure. There are three of these in the prothoracic and mesothoracic neuromeres and two in the metathoracic neuromere (Court et al., 2020). They collectively contain fibers of hemilineages 7B, 8B, 10B and, in the mesothoracic and metathoracic neuromeres, 18B (Court et al., 2020).
adult anterior lateral ellipsoid fascicle [FBbt_00049273]
Anterior component of the lateral ellipsoid fascicle in the adult brain (Lovick et al., 2013). It is formed by the DALv2 and DALv3 lineages and it passes underneath the mushroom body medial lobe towards the central complex (Lovick et al., 2013).
adult anterior lateral equatorial fascicle [FBbt_00049225]
Anterior tract of the adult lateral equatorial fascicle (Lovick et al., 2013). It contains axons of the DALv1 lineage (Lovick et al., 2013).
adult anterior longitudinal superior lateral fascicle [FBbt_00052206]
Anterior component of the adult longitudinal superior lateral fascicle (Lovick et al., 2013). It is formed by the DPLd posterior hemilineage secondary neurons (Lovick et al., 2013).
adult anterior longitudinal superior medial fascicle [FBbt_00049244]
Anterior part of the adult longitudinal superior medial fascicle that is formed by posterior projections of the DAMd2/3 lineages (Wong et al., 2013; Lovick et al., 2013). It innervates the superior intermediate protocerebrum, superior medial protocerebrum, and superior clamp (Wong et al., 2013).
adult anterior metathoracic posterior anterior ventral commissure [FBbt_00047449]
Anterior of the two adult metathoracic posterior anterior ventral commissures (Court et al., 2020).
adult anterior optic tract [FBbt_00100337]
Tract that emerges from the medial part of the lobula (Ito et al., 2014). One branch ends in the anterior optic tubercle (AOTU) whilst the other makes a medial turn to terminate in the superior medial posterior ventrolateral protocerebrum (PVLP) of the adult brain (Ito et al., 2014). It demarcates the boundaries of the PVLP (lateral region), anterior VLP (superior and lateral region), AOTU (inferior-lateral region) and lateral horn (inferior region) (Ito et al., 2014). Fischbach and Lyly-Hunerberg, (1983), subdivide the anterior optic tract (AOT) into four sub-bundles: S1-S4. S1 consists of 100-110 think axons surrounded by ~60 large diameter neurons that form the S2 bundle. These bundles together occupy the proximal part of the AOT close to the neuropil of the lateral protocerebrum. S3 forms the lateral ventral part of the AOT and is formed by ~430 axons of small diameter that project into the anterior optic foci. S4 is composed of approximately 660 relatively small fibers.
adult anterior superior lateral protocerebrum fascicle [FBbt_00100339]
Emerging from cells located in the lateral cell body region, the anterior superior lateral protocerebrum fascicle exhibits a J-shape and terminates in the boundary between the superior intermediate protocerebrum and the superior lateral protocerebrum (SLP) just posterior to the anterior optic tubercle of the adult brain (Ito et al., 2014). It demarcates the inferior boundary of the SLP with the superior intermediate protocerebrum, anterior and posterior ventrolateral protocerebrum and superior clamp (Ito et al., 2014). Thought to be equivalent to (adult) trSA of Pereanu et al. (2010) based on characteristic shape/position and lateral lineage composition [FBC:CP].
adult anterior ventral commissure [FBbt_00047559]
Any adult ventral nerve cord commissure that develops from a larval anterior ventral commissure. There are two of these in the prothoracic and mesothoracic neuromeres and three in the metathoracic neuromere (Court et al., 2020). They collectively contain fibers of hemilineages 1A, 13B and 14A (Court et al., 2020).
adult anterior ventral primary neurite tract 1 [FBbt_00049299]
Primary neurite tract of the anterior ventral (AV) adult brain in the first clockwise position (from anterior perspective), from ventrolateral to dorsal to ventromedial, of AV tracts that enter the lateral horn (Frechter et al., 2019). Lateral horn neurons that enter the neuropil via this tract are predominantly output neurons (Frechter et al., 2019).
adult anterior ventral primary neurite tract 2 [FBbt_00049300]
Primary neurite tract of the anterior ventral (AV) adult brain in the second clockwise position (from anterior perspective), from ventrolateral to dorsal to ventromedial, of AV tracts that enter the lateral horn (Frechter et al., 2019).
adult anterior ventral primary neurite tract 3 [FBbt_00049301]
Primary neurite tract of the anterior ventral (AV) adult brain in the third clockwise position (from anterior perspective), from ventrolateral to dorsal to ventromedial, of AV tracts that enter the lateral horn (Frechter et al., 2019). Lateral horn neurons that enter the neuropil via this tract are predominantly output neurons (Frechter et al., 2019).
adult anterior ventral primary neurite tract 4 [FBbt_00049302]
Primary neurite tract of the anterior ventral (AV) adult brain in the fourth clockwise position (from anterior perspective), from ventrolateral to dorsal to ventromedial, of AV tracts that enter the lateral horn (Frechter et al., 2019). Lateral horn neurons that enter the neuropil via this tract are predominantly local neurons (Frechter et al., 2019).
adult anterior ventral primary neurite tract 5 [FBbt_00049303]
Primary neurite tract of the anterior ventral (AV) adult brain in the fifth clockwise position (from anterior perspective), from ventrolateral to dorsal to ventromedial, of AV tracts that enter the lateral horn (Frechter et al., 2019). Lateral horn neurons that enter the neuropil via this tract are predominantly output neurons (Frechter et al., 2019).
adult anterior ventral primary neurite tract 6 [FBbt_00049304]
Primary neurite tract of the anterior ventral (AV) adult brain in the sixth clockwise position (from anterior perspective), from ventrolateral to dorsal to ventromedial, of AV tracts that enter the lateral horn (Frechter et al., 2019). Lateral horn neurons that enter the neuropil via this tract are predominantly output neurons (Frechter et al., 2019).
adult anterior ventral primary neurite tract 7 [FBbt_00049305]
Primary neurite tract of the anterior ventral (AV) adult brain in the seventh clockwise position (from anterior perspective), from ventrolateral to dorsal to ventromedial, of AV tracts that enter the lateral horn (Frechter et al., 2019). Lateral horn neurons that enter the neuropil via this tract are predominantly output neurons (Frechter et al., 2019).
adult anterior ventral primary neurite tract 8 [FBbt_00049684]
Primary neurite tract of the anterior ventral (AV) adult brain in the eighth clockwise position (from anterior perspective), from ventrolateral to dorsal to ventromedial, of AV tracts that enter the lateral horn (Frechter et al., 2019; Bates et al., 2020).
adult anterior ventral primary neurite tract 9 [FBbt_00051751]
Primary neurite tract of the anterior ventral (AV) adult brain in the ninth clockwise position (from anterior perspective), from ventrolateral to dorsal to ventromedial, of AV tracts that enter the lateral horn (Frechter et al., 2019; Schlegel et al., 2021).
adult cardia nerve [FBbt_00004049]
Nerve of the adult that exits the stomodeal ganglion posteriorly to innervate the cardial valve of the adult proventriculus (cardia). There are two of these nerves.
adult central descending protocerebral fascicle [FBbt_00049217]
Fiber bundle that runs between the adult superior protocerebrum and gnathal ganglion (Lovick et al, 2013). It is formed by DALd and other DAL lineages with their somas in the anterior cortex (Pereanu et al, 2010).
adult cervical connective [FBbt_00004019]
Adult nerve connecting the brain to the ventral nerve cord (Ito et al., 2014; Court et al., 2020). It emerges from the posterior gnathal ganglion (Ito et al., 2014; Court et al., 2020) and consists of 4 bundles of neurites in two bilateral pairs (one dorsal pair, one ventral pair) (Power, 1948). It contains around 3700 axons (Phelps et al., 2021).
adult cervical nerve [FBbt_00004053]
A bilaterally paired nerve that connects laterally to the cervical connective immediately posterior to where it enters the thorax (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020). Each cervical nerve extends laterally, branching and innervating horizontal muscles of the anterior thorax (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020). See figure 2 in Power, 1948. Not clear from literature whether this corresponds to blowfly ‘ventral cervical nerve’.
adult deutocerebral commissure [FBbt_00003998]
Commissural tract of the adult deutocerebrum.
adult dorsal antennal lobe tract [FBbt_00049716]
Unusual route taken by the VP1d il2PN between the antennal lobe and higher brain regions (Marin et al., 2020).
adult dorsal cervical fasciculus [FBbt_00047531]
Bilaterally paired dorsal bundle of the cervical connective (Power, 1948). Once within the ventral nerve cord, it begins to divide into three tracts, dorsal lateral, intermediate, and dorsal median (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020). As these tracts continue posteriorly they slope slightly ventrally and spread out widely through the dorsal tectulum (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020).
adult dorsal metathoracic nerve [FBbt_00004094]
Thick nerve that carries sensory axons from the haltere anteriorly and medially to the metathoracic neuromere (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020). Its fibers enter the haltere tract and contribute to the tectulum (Power, 1948).
adult dorsal metathoracic nerve root [FBbt_00052730]
Any nerve root (FBbt:00007602) that is connected to some adult dorsal metathoracic nerve (FBbt:00004094).
adult dorsal posterior protocerebral tract [FBbt_00049220]
A vertical axon tract of the adult brain that is formed by the DPMl1 lineage (Hartenstein et al., 2015). It descends to the subesophageal ganglion (Lovick et al., 2013; Wong et al., 2013). Tract not described by name in Lovick et al. (2013) or Wong et al. (2013), but listed as tract of DPMl1 in tables.
adult dorsal prothoracic nerve [FBbt_00004055]
A nerve that projects latero-anteriorly from the antero-lateral corner of the prothoracic neuromere (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020). It splits into 4 or more branches before innervating various horizontally and vertically oriented tubular muscles (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020).
adult dorsolateral posterior lateral fascicle [FBbt_00052219]
Dorsolateral component of the adult posterior lateral fascicle (Lovick et al., 2013). It is composed of fibers of the DPLpv lineage (Lovick et al., 2013).
adult dorsolateral root of fan-shaped body [FBbt_00052212]
Fiber bundle that enters the central complex from the posterior and contains fibers of lineages DPMpm1/2 (DM2/3) (Pereanu et al., 2010; Lovick et al., 2013).
adult dorsomedial posterior lateral fascicle [FBbt_00052221]
Dorsomedial component of the adult posterior lateral fascicle (Lovick et al., 2013). It is composed of fibers of the CP2/3 lineages (Lovick et al., 2013).
adult external posterior lateral fascicle [FBbt_00052216]
External component of the adult posterior lateral fascicle (Lovick et al., 2013). It is composed of fibers of the BLP1/2 secondary lineages (Lovick et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015). Existence of PLFe not reported for primary neurons of BLP1/2 in Hartenstein et al. (2015) - FBrf0229672.
adult eye nerve [FBbt_00052786]
Nerve that connects the eye with the subesophageal zone (Hampel et al., 2017; Eichler et al., 2023). It carries the projections of mechanosensory neurons of interommatidial bristles and other bristles around the posterior and ventral head (Eichler et al., 2023). It merges with the labial nerve near the brain and enters at the same point in the ventral subesophageal zone (Eichler et al., 2023).
adult fifth abdominal nerve [FBbt_00004109]
.
adult first abdominal nerve [FBbt_00004105]
Nerve that apparently emerges from the adult metathoracic neuromere but contains axons that originate/terminate in the first abdominal neuromere (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020). The nerve exits laterally just dorsal to the exit of the metathoracic leg nerve and projects dorsolaterally (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020).
adult fourth abdominal nerve [FBbt_00004108]
Thin nerve containing only fine fibers that is found medial and slightly posterior to the third abdominal nerve (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020).
adult frontal median commissure [FBbt_00007073]
Commissure located dorsal and anterior to the fan-shaped body. It connects the two superior medial protocerebrum neuropils of the adult brain.
adult frontal nerve [FBbt_00100330]
The adult frontal nerve contains a variety of fibers, largely from interneurons, and connects the tritocerebrum and the frontal ganglion (an unpaired structure on the anterior side of the esophagus) (Ito et al., 2014). It is fused with the labral nerve to form the labro-frontal nerve (Ito et al., 2014).
adult great commissure [FBbt_00007080]
Commissure of the adult brain located ventral to the fan-shaped body and posterior to the noduli (Ito et al., 2014). It connects the left and right ventrolateral protocerebra, and its main component connects the lobula of both optic lobes (Ito et al., 2014). The commissure also contains many other fibers that connect different neuropils (Ito et al., 2014). It demarcates the boundaries of the posterior ventrolateral protocerebrum (posterior region), posterior lateral protocerebrum (anterior region), noduli (posterior region), inferior bridge (anterior region), superior posterior slope (anterior region), vest (posterior-superior region), epaulette (posterior region) and gorget (inferior region) (Ito et al., 2014). From Strausfeld (FlyBase:FBrf0239233, FlyBase:FBrf0239234) pg 93 in Musca Domestica. Confirmed as present in Drosophila melanogaster by VH & WP.
adult horizontal ventrolateral protocerebral tract [FBbt_00049271]
Tract of the adult brain that extends medially though the anterior ventrolateral protocerebrum (Wong et al., 2013). It is formed by the medial hemilineage of BLAv2 (Wong et al., 2013).
adult inferior antennal lobe commissure [FBbt_00100352]
Ventral-most of two commissures connecting the adult antennal lobes and running in front of the ellipsoid body, inferior to the lateral ellipsoid body commissure (Ito et al., 2014).
adult intermediate superior transverse fascicle [FBbt_00049211]
Intermediate of three transverse (medial-lateral) fascicles found between the superior and inferior protocerebrum of the adult brain (Pereanu et al, 2010). It is formed by BLAd, BLD and BLV lineages (Pereanu et al, 2010).
adult labial commissure [FBbt_00007162]
Any commissure (FBbt:00007084) that is part of some adult labial neuromere (FBbt:00007160).
adult labial nerve [FBbt_00004028]
Mixed sensory-motor nerve that innervates the adult gnathal ganglion (GNG) (Ito et al., 2014). It contains ~195 axons from sensory cells of the labium that enter labial neuromere of the GNG and GNG motor neurons travelling to the labial musculature (Nayak and Singh, 1985; Ito et al., 2014). Proximally, it gives off branches to the rostrum and haustellum, and the labellar glands and sense organs (Miller, 1950). The labial nerve is anastomosed with the maxillary nerve (forming the maxillary-labial nerve) until the latter branches off to the maxillary palpus (Nayak and Singh, 1985; Ito et al., 2014).
adult labral nerve [FBbt_00100328]
Nerve associated with the adult labrum (Ito et al., 2014). It enters the brain at the level of the tritocerebrum (Ito et al., 2014). It is fused with the frontal nerve, forming a labro-frontal nerve (Ito et al., 2014).
adult labro-frontal nerve [FBbt_00110653]
The adult labro-frontal nerve is a fused nerve of the labral and frontal nerves (Ito et al., 2014).
adult lateral accessory lobe commissure [FBbt_00007074]
Commissure connecting the lateral accessory lobes in the adult that demarcates the boundary between the upper and lower lateral accessory lobe (Ito et al., 2014). It runs in front of the ellipsoid body (Ito et al., 2014).
adult lateral antennal lobe tract [FBbt_00003983]
Tract that emerges from the posterior ventral part of the antennal lobe, at the horizontal level of the top of the V glomerulus (ventral root). It runs posteriorly, turns dorsolaterally and runs through the ventrolateral protocerebrum to project to the medial periphery of the lateral horn. It contains axons of antennal lobe projection neurons. Two small tracts branch from the main lALT, where it intersects the commissure of the antennal mechanosensory and motor center and ventrolateral protocerebrum (VLP). One (l4ALT) turns dorsolaterally, ran parallel to the lALT and terminates in the central and posterior dorsomedial VLP; the other (l5ALT) turns ventrolaterally and arborizes in the posterior ventral part of the VLP. Some of the projection neurons that fasciculate with the lALT send collateral branches to the posterior lateral protocerebrum (PLP) via the lateral section of the posterior lateral fascicle (PLF) and to the ring neuropil via the superior section of the PLF (Tanaka et al., 2012).
adult lateral ellipsoid fascicle [FBbt_00003667]
A transverse tract within the protocerebrum of the adult brain that is connected to the inferior medial/lateral protocerebrum and the central complex (Strausfeld, 1976; Lovick et al., 2013). It passes ventral to the mushroom body medial lobe (Lovick et al., 2013). It connects the bulb and the fan-shaped body (Ito et al., 2014). From Strausfeld (FlyBase:FBrf0239233, FlyBase:FBrf0239234) pg 83,79 in Musca Domestica. Confirmed as present in Drosophila melanogaster by VH.
adult lateral equatorial fascicle [FBbt_00100343]
Fascicle of the adult that emerges from the lateral posterior rind region and ends in the inferiormost part of the inferior clamp (Ito et al., 2014). It is thinner than and runs laterally parallel to the medial equatorial fascicle (Ito et al., 2014). It demarcates the boundaries of the inferior clamp (inferior-lateral region), posterior lateral protocerebrum (medial region), superior posterior slope (superior-lateral), and gorget (lateral region) (Ito et al., 2014). It is subdivided into anterior and posterior tracts (Lovick et al., 2013).
adult lateral posterior superior transverse fascicle [FBbt_00049206]
Lateral component of the posterior superior transverse fascicle in the adult brain. It is formed by the DPLl1 lineage (Lovick et al., 2013) and demarcates the boundary between the lateral horn and the superior lateral protocerebrum (Pereanu et al, 2010).
adult leg nerve [FBbt_00049553]
Large nerve of the adult that carries motor and sensory fibers between a leg and a thoracic neuromere of the ventral nerve cord (Power, 1948; Phelps et al., 2021). There are more sensory axons than motor neurons by an order of magnitude and the two types are mostly segregated into different domains within the nerve (Phelps et al., 2021).
adult longitudinal superior lateral fascicle [FBbt_00049239]
Longitudinal (anterior-posterior) fascicle of the adult brain that belongs to the group of fiber bundles that separate the superior protocerebrum from the inferior neuropils (inferior protocerebrum) (Lovick et al., 2013). It is a thick bundle, lateral to the longitudinal superior medial fascicle, and it contains axons of DPLl2/3 lineages (Lovick et al., 2013; Wong et al., 2013).
adult longitudinal superior medial fascicle [FBbt_00049236]
Longitudinal (anterior-posterior) fascicle of the adult brain that belongs to the group of fiber bundles that separate the superior protocerebrum from the inferior neuropils (inferior protocerebrum) (Lovick et al., 2013). It is medial to the longitudinal superior lateral fascicle and contains axons of several DPM and CP lineages (Wong et al., 2013). May be equivalent to or overlap the superior fiber system (SFS), which has a similar medial location between the superior protocerebrum and inferior protocerebrum (inferior neuropils) in Ito et al., 2014 (FBrf0224194) [FBC:CP].
adult longitudinal ventral fascicle [FBbt_00049253]
Large longitudinal fascicle of the adult brain, found ventral to the medial and lateral equatorial fascicles, that separates the ventrolateral and ventromedial cerebrum (Lovick et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015). Anteriorly it has three (medial, intermediate and lateral) components, which converge in the middle of the ventral cerebrum forming a ventral fibrous center (Lovick et al., 2013). Beyond this, the medial component passes into the cervical connective and the posterior-lateral component (formed by posterior lineages) extends directly posterior (Lovick et al., 2013).
adult longitudinal ventral intermediate fascicle [FBbt_00049251]
Intermediate component of the anterior part of the longitudinal ventral fascicle in the adult brain (Lovick et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015). It is formed from the BAlc ventral hemilineage and it innervates the antenno-mechanosensory and motor centre and the inferior ventrolateral cerebrum, a branch also enters the great commissure (Wong et al., 2013; Lovick et al., 2013).
adult longitudinal ventral lateral fascicle [FBbt_00049255]
Lateral component of the anterior part of the longitudinal ventral fascicle (Lovick et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015). It is formed from BAlp2/3 lineages (Wong et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015).
adult longitudinal ventral medial fascicle [FBbt_00049257]
Medial component of the anterior part of the longitudinal ventral fascicle, formed from BAmv1/2 lineages (Wong et al., 2013; Lovick et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015). It passes underneath the antennal lobe and posteriorly through the ventromedial cerebrum, running posteromedially into the cervical connective (Lovick et al., 2013).
adult longitudinal ventral posterior-lateral fascicle [FBbt_00049259]
Posterior lateral component of the longitudinal ventral fascicle that is formed from CM lineages (Wong et al., 2013; Lovick et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015). It extends anteriorly, to the confluence formed by anterior branches of the longitudinal ventral fascicle (Lovick et al., 2013).
adult maxillary commissure [FBbt_00007161]
Any commissure (FBbt:00007084) that is part of some adult maxillary neuromere (FBbt:00007158).
adult maxillary nerve [FBbt_00004043]
Mixed sensory-motor nerve that innervates the adult gnathal ganglion (GNG) (Ito et al., 2014). It contains ~120 axons from the sensory cells of the maxillary appendages entering the maxillary neuromere of the GNG and GNG motor axons travelling to maxillary musculature (Nayak and Singh, 1985; Ito et al., 2014). The maxillary nerve is fused with the labial nerve for much of its length, forming the maxillary-labial nerve (Ito et al., 2014). Miller, (1950) considers the maxillary nerve to be a branch of the compound maxillary-labial nerve. More recent studies (e.g. Rajashekhar and Singh (1994), or Nayak and Singh (1985)) consider the maxillary nerve and labial nerve to be separate anastomosing nerves.
adult maxillary nerve on adult brain template Ito2014 [VFB_00030831]
[adult maxillary nerve on adult brain template Ito2014; computer graphic]
adult maxillary-labial nerve [FBbt_00110654]
The adult maxillary-labial nerve is a fused nerve of the maxillary and labial nerves. It enters the maxillary neuromere of the gnathal ganglion and then bifurcates to project to the maxillary and labial neuromeres.
adult maxillary-labial nerve anterior root [FBbt_00051410]
Anteriormost root of the adult maxillary-labial nerve (Kendroud et al., 2018). It develops from the larval maxillary-labial nerve anterior root (Kendroud et al., 2018).
adult maxillary-labial nerve intermediate anterior root [FBbt_00051413]
Anterior part of the intermediate root of the adult maxillary-labial nerve (Kendroud et al., 2018). It develops from the larval maxillary-labial nerve intermediate anterior root (Kendroud et al., 2018).
adult maxillary-labial nerve intermediate posterior root [FBbt_00051414]
Posterior part of the intermediate root of the adult maxillary-labial nerve (Kendroud et al., 2018). It develops from the larval maxillary-labial nerve intermediate posterior root (Kendroud et al., 2018).
adult maxillary-labial nerve intermediate root [FBbt_00051411]
Intermediate root of the adult maxillary-labial nerve (Kendroud et al., 2018). It develops from the larval maxillary-labial nerve intermediate root (Kendroud et al., 2018).
adult maxillary-labial nerve posterior root [FBbt_00051412]
Posteriormost root of the adult maxillary-labial nerve (Kendroud et al., 2018). It develops from the larval maxillary-labial nerve posterior root (Kendroud et al., 2018).
adult maxillary-labial nerve root [FBbt_00004008]
Continuation of fibers from the adult maxillary-labial nerve into the brain (Kendroud et al., 2018). There are four main roots, which develop from their larval counterparts and have a similar entry point, close to the boundary between the maxillary and labial neuromeres (Kendroud et al., 2018).
adult medial antennal lobe tract [FBbt_00003985]
A tract of about 200 axons that emerges from the posterior dorsomedial area of the antennal lobe (dorsomedial root), the same root as the mediolateral antennal lobe tract (mlALT) and transverse antennal lobe tract (tALT). It runs dorsoposteriorly along the posterior surface of the fan-shaped body, turns laterally in front of the protocerebral bridge, passes in front of the mushroom body calyx and terminates in the lateral horn. It contains axons of antennal lobe projection neurons, some of which terminate in the main calyx and dorsal accessory calyx (Yagi et al., 2016). It demarcates the boundaries of the lateral accessory lobe (medial region), vest (superior region), epaulette (medial region), fan-shaped body (lateral region), gorget (superior region), inferior clamp (lateral and superior-lateral regions), inferior bridge (superior-lateral region), antler (lateral region), superior clamp (posterior-superior region), mushroom body calyx (anterior region) and superior lateral protocerebrum (inferior region). Two smaller tracts branch from the main mALT. One contains several branches and begins near the medial surface of the mushroom body calyx, projects anteriorly and terminates in the ring neuropil. The second tract begins in front of the mushroom body calyx and projects into it. Some of the projection neurons that fasciculate with the mALT send collateral branches to the posterior lateral protocerebrum (PLP) via the lateral section of the posterior lateral fascicle (PLF) and to the ring neuropil via the superior section of the PLF (Tanaka et al., 2012).
adult medial equatorial fascicle [FBbt_00100342]
Thick fascicle of the adult brain that emerges from cells in the medial posterior rind region below the mushroom body calyx (several lineages) and also contains fibers from the protocerebral bridge (Ito et al., 2014). It branches out in the region inferior-lateral to the fan-shaped body and demarcates the boundaries of the inferior bridge (lateral region), inferior clamp (superior-medial), superior posterior slope (superior region), gorget (superior region) and fan-shaped body (inferior-lateral region) (Ito et al., 2014). This fascicle corresponds to the protocerebral bridge-lateral protuberance tract. The name was changed because the fascicle contains many fibers that are not derived from the protocerebral bridge and because the term protuberance is no longer used (Ito et al., 2014).
adult medial posterior superior transverse fascicle [FBbt_00049208]
Medial component of the posterior superior transverse fascicle in the adult brain. It is formed by DPLc lineages and demarcates the boundary between the superior lateral and superior medial protocerebrum (Pereanu et al, 2010).
adult medial root of fan-shaped body [FBbt_00052211]
Fiber bundle that enters the central complex from the posterior and contains fibers of lineage DPMm1 (DM1) (Pereanu et al., 2010; Lovick et al., 2013).
adult median bundle [FBbt_00003683]
Prominent tract located in the anterior midline of the adult brain (Ito et al., 2014). It emerges as a paired tract from a broad area around the esophagus, merging into a single tract at the tip of the flange and terminates in the superior medial protocerebrum (Ito et al., 2014). It contains fibers from neurons of the pars intercerebralis and axons projecting to the SMP and the crepine (Ito et al., 2014).
adult mediolateral antennal lobe tract [FBbt_00003984]
Tract that arises from the posterior dorsomedial antennal lobe and shares the same root with the medial antennal lobe tract (mALT) and transverse antennal lobe tract (tALT) (dorsomedial root). It connects the antennal lobe and the lateral horn directly, bypassing the mushroom body main calyx. It contains axons of antennal lobe projection neurons, some of which terminate in the lateral accessory calyx (Yagi et al., 2016). Neuronal fibers of the mlALT run together with the medial antennal lobe tract (mALT) and separate from it at the level of the ventrolateral surface of the fan-shaped body, turn laterally, run below the mushroom body pedunculus and project to the lateral horn. It demarcates the boundaries of the fan-shaped body (anterior region), lateral accessory lobe (posterior region), epaulette (superior region), inferior clamp (anterior-superior region) and mushroom body pedunculus (inferior region). It is formed by axons of the BAla1 lineage (Wong et al., 2013). One smaller tract (ml4ALT) branches from the mlALT at the mushroom body peduncle, runs posteriorly through the peduncle to terminate in the mushroom body calyx. Some of the projection neurons that fasciculate with the mlALT send collateral branches to the posterior lateral protocerebrum (PLP) via the lateral section of the posterior lateral fascicle (PLF) and to the ring neuropil via the superior section of the PLF (Tanaka et al., 2012).
adult mesothoracic accessory nerve [FBbt_00004062]
A nerve that arises from the lateroposterior side of the mesothoracic neuromere at a point anterior to the root of the haltere nerve (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020). It extends posteriorly and slightly dorsally and laterally, around the anterior wings of the mesofurca, before branching (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020). One branch innervates the furcoentopleural muscles (muscles 59 and 60) and the other innervates laterally placed muscles, anterior to the halteres (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020).
adult mesothoracic anterior anterior ventral commissure [FBbt_00047548]
Thin commissure of a few fibers (Power, 1948) that is derived from the larval mesothoracic anterior ventral commissure, which becomes segregated into two (anterior and posterior) adult commissures (Court et al., 2020). It is formed by primary neurite bundles of hemilineage 1A (Court et al., 2020). It is found at the ventralmost margin of the mesothoracic neuromere, outside of the cell body rind, at the anterior of the neuromere (Court et al., 2020). Power’s (1948) accessory prothoracic commissure is the mesothoracic anterior anterior ventral commissure in Court et al. (2020).
adult mesothoracic anterior intermediate commissure [FBbt_00047546]
Curved commissure of the mesothoracic neuromere (Power, 1948). Its distal ends arise near the posterolateral sides of the neuromere (Power, 1948). It is formed of fibers of hemilineages 7B and 8B and crosses the midline posterior to the hemilineage 2A neurites (Court et al., 2020). It is derived from the larval mesothoracic anterior intermediate commissure, which segregates into this and two other commissures (Court et al., 2020).
adult mesothoracic anterior posterior intermediate commissure [FBbt_00048483]
Commissure of the adult mesothoracic neuromere that is derived from the larval mesothoracic posterior intermediate commissure and is formed by hemilineage 5B neurons (Court et al., 2020). It is the most anterior of the adult posterior intermediate commissures in this neuromere (Court et al., 2020).
adult mesothoracic dorsal anterior intermediate commissure [FBbt_00047467]
Commissure of the adult mesothoracic neuromere that is derived from the larval mesothoracic anterior intermediate commissure and is formed by hemilineage 18B neurons (Court et al., 2020). It crosses the midline anterior to hemilineage 2A fibers (Court et al., 2020).
adult mesothoracic dorsal posterior intermediate commissure [FBbt_00048482]
Commissure of the adult mesothoracic neuromere that is derived from the larval mesothoracic posterior intermediate commissure and is formed by hemilineage 19B neurons (Court et al., 2020). It is the most dorsal of the adult posterior intermediate commissures in this neuromere and it crosses the midline close to, but anterior to, the mesothoracic posterior dorsal commissure (Court et al., 2020).
adult mesothoracic leg nerve [FBbt_00004063]
A nerve that arises from a ventral protuberance on the adult mesothoracic neuromere (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020). It splits at its base, with a small number of fibers innervating a ventral muscle that is posterior-lateral to the tergal depressor of the trochanter and the rest projecting into the mesothoracic leg (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020). This might sensibly be treated as two nerves sharing a root (see Power, 1948).
adult mesothoracic posterior anterior ventral commissure [FBbt_00047547]
Commissure found at the anterior of the adult mesothoracic neuromere that crosses the midline posterior to the hemilineage 2A primary neurites (Shepherd et al., 2016; Court et al., 2020). It is 2-3 times the width of the mesothoracic anterior anterior ventral commissure (Power, 1948). It is derived from the larval mesothoracic anterior ventral commissure, which becomes segregated into two (anterior and posterior) adult commissures (Court et al., 2020). It is formed of lineages 13B and 14A (Court et al., 2020).
adult mesothoracic posterior dorsal commissure [FBbt_00047540]
Commissure formed from fibers of the anterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve projecting medially to the contralateral side of the mesothoracic neuromere (Power, 1948). Fibers that pass through this commissure may arborize in the posterior mesothoracic neuromere or the anterior metathoracic neuromere or join the contralateral mesothoracic accessory nerve or haltere nerve (Power, 1948). It is the dorsalmost commissure of the mesothoracic neuromere, and runs through the upper tectulum (Court et al., 2020). It develops from the larval mesothoracic posterior dorsal commissure and it contains the axons of hemilineage 6A (Court et al., 2020).
adult mesothoracic posterior posterior intermediate anterior commissure [FBbt_00048484]
Commissure of the adult mesothoracic neuromere that is derived from the larval mesothoracic posterior intermediate commissure (Court et al., 2020). It is formed by hemilineage 6B neurites, which cross the midline slightly anterior to the posterior posterior intermediate posterior commissure (Court et al., 2020). It is slightly posterior and ventral to the mesothoracic anterior posterior intermediate commissure (Court et al., 2020).
adult mesothoracic posterior posterior intermediate posterior commissure [FBbt_00048485]
Commissure of the adult mesothoracic neuromere that is derived from the larval mesothoracic posterior intermediate commissure (Court et al., 2020). It is formed by hemilineage 12B and 23B neurites, which cross the midline slightly posterior to the posterior posterior intermediate anterior commissure (Court et al., 2020). It is slightly posterior and ventral to the mesothoracic anterior posterior intermediate commissure (Court et al., 2020).
adult mesothoracic ventral anterior intermediate commissure [FBbt_00047468]
Commissure of the adult mesothoracic neuromere that is derived from the larval mesothoracic anterior intermediate commissure and is formed by hemilineage 10B neurons (Court et al., 2020). It crosses the midline anterior to hemilineage 2A fibers (Court et al., 2020).
adult metathoracic anterior anterior ventral commissure [FBbt_00047550]
Commissure found at the ventralmost margin of the metathoracic neuromere, outside of the cell body rind, at the anterior of the neuromere (Court et al., 2020). It curves towards the anterior in the medial part of the commissure (Power, 1948). It is derived from the larval metathoracic anterior ventral commissure, which becomes segregated into two (anterior and posterior) adult commissures, and is formed by primary neurite bundles of hemilineage 1A (Court et al., 2020).
adult metathoracic anterior intermediate commissure [FBbt_00047529]
Commissure of the anterior metathoracic neuromere that carries fibers from the intermediate tract of the dorsal fascicle and the haltere nerve to the contralateral side of the adult ventral nerve cord (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020). After crossing the midline, fibers join the contralateral haltere nerve and proceed in their original (anterior or posterior) direction (Power, 1948). It is formed of fibers of hemilineages 7B, 8B and 18B and is the largest commissure of the ventral nerve cord (Court et al., 2020). It is derived from the larval metathoracic anterior intermediate commissure, which segregates into this and a ventral anterior intermediate commissure (Court et al., 2020).
adult metathoracic anterior posterior intermediate commissure [FBbt_00047328]
Commissure of the adult metathoracic neuromere that is derived from the larval metathoracic posterior intermediate commissure and is formed by hemilineage 5B neurons (Court et al., 2020). It is the most anterior of the adult posterior intermediate commissures in this neuromere (Court et al., 2020).
adult metathoracic dorsal posterior intermediate commissure [FBbt_00047327]
Commissure of the adult metathoracic neuromere that is derived from the larval metathoracic posterior intermediate commissure and is formed by hemilineage 19B neurons (Court et al., 2020). It is the most dorsal of the adult posterior intermediate commissures in this neuromere and it crosses the midline close to, but anterior to, the metathoracic posterior dorsal commissure (Court et al., 2020).
adult metathoracic leg nerve [FBbt_00004096]
Nerve that originates in the ventral metathoracic neuromere and carries fibers that innervate the muscles and sense organs of the metathoracic leg (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020).
adult metathoracic posterior anterior ventral commissure [FBbt_00047448]
Commissure found at the anterior of the adult metathoracic neuromere that crosses the midline posterior to the hemilineage 2A primary neurites (Shepherd et al., 2016; Court et al., 2020). It is derived from the larval metathoracic anterior ventral commissure, which becomes segregated into two (anterior and posterior) adult commissures (Court et al., 2020). Unlike in other neuromeres, the axons are pulled apart to form two distinct metathoracic posterior anterior ventral commissures (Court et al., 2020). These are collectively formed of lineages 13B and 14A (Court et al., 2020).
adult metathoracic posterior dorsal commissure [FBbt_00047463]
Dorsalmost commissure of the adult metathoracic neuromere that runs through the upper tectulum (Court et al., 2020). It develops from the larval metathoracic posterior dorsal commissure and it contains the axons of hemilineage 6A (Court et al., 2020).
adult metathoracic posterior posterior intermediate anterior commissure [FBbt_00047570]
Commissure of the adult metathoracic neuromere that is derived from the larval metathoracic posterior intermediate commissure (Court et al., 2020). It is formed by hemilineage 6B neurites, which cross the midline slightly anterior to the posterior posterior intermediate posterior commissure (Court et al., 2020). It is slightly posterior and ventral to the metathoracic anterior posterior intermediate commissure (Court et al., 2020).
adult metathoracic posterior posterior intermediate posterior commissure [FBbt_00047571]
Commissure of the adult metathoracic neuromere that is derived from the larval metathoracic posterior intermediate commissure (Court et al., 2020). It is formed by hemilineage 12B and 23B neurites, which cross the midline slightly posterior to the posterior posterior intermediate anterior commissure (Court et al., 2020). It is slightly posterior and ventral to the metathoracic anterior posterior intermediate commissure (Court et al., 2020).
adult metathoracic ventral anterior intermediate commissure [FBbt_00047152]
Commissure of the adult mesothoracic neuromere that is derived from the larval metathoracic anterior intermediate commissure and is formed by hemilineage 10B neurons (Court et al., 2020). It crosses the midline anterior to hemilineage 2A fibers (Court et al., 2020).
adult middle dorsal commissure [FBbt_00052274]
Commissure of the adult dorsal brain, connecting the two superior medial protocerebra.
adult mushroom body commissure [FBbt_00049929]
Commissure that connects the two adult mushroom bodies between the medial lobe tips (Li et al., 2020; Otto et al., 2020). There are at least two of these between the gamma lobe tips (Li et al., 2020).
adult nervus corporis cardiaci I [FBbt_00051046]
Adult nerve that carries the axons of neurosecretory neurons of the pars intercerebralis (PI) to the corpus cardiacum (Hartenstein, 2006). Very little description of this nerve in the adult.
adult nervus corporis cardiaci II [FBbt_00051049]
Adult nerve that carries the axons of neurosecretory neurons of the pars lateralis (PL) to the corpus cardiacum (Hartenstein, 2006). Very little description of this nerve in the adult.
adult oblique posterior fascicle [FBbt_00049266]
Conspicuous landmark tract of the adult brain that crosses over the mushroom body pedunculus immediately in front of the calyx, then turns anteriorly and joins the longitudinal superior medial fascicle (Lovick et al., 2013). It is formed of dorsal components of CP lineages and DPLp1/2 lineages (Lovick et al., 2013).
adult occipital nerve [FBbt_00052787]
Nerve that carries projections from mechanosensory neurons of bristles on the dorsal posterior head to the lateral subesophageal zone (Eichler et al., 2023).
adult optic lobe-calycal tract [FBbt_00048333]
A tract of the adult connecting the optic lobe to the mushroom body calyx and/or accessory calyces. There are multiple tracts connecting these neuropils via different routes (Yagi et al., 2016).
adult optic lobe-calycal tract 1 [FBbt_00048337]
A tract of the adult connecting the optic lobe to the mushroom body dorsal and ventral accessory calyces. It initially follows a similar route to optic lobe-calycal tract 4, but additionally innervates the dorsal accessory calyx (Yagi et al., 2016).
adult optic lobe-calycal tract 2 [FBbt_00048338]
A tract of the adult connecting the optic lobe to the mushroom body ventral accessory calyx. Fibers from some neurons of this tract cross the midline (Yagi et al., 2016).
adult optic lobe-calycal tract 3 [FBbt_00048339]
A tract of the adult connecting the optic lobe to the mushroom body lateral accessory calyx (Yagi et al., 2016).
adult optic lobe-calycal tract 4 [FBbt_00048340]
A tract of the adult connecting the optic lobe to the mushroom body ventral accessory calyx (Yagi et al., 2016).
adult optic lobe-calycal tract 5 [FBbt_00048341]
A tract of the adult connecting the optic lobe to the contralateral mushroom body dorsal accessory calyx, bypassing the ipsilateral mushroom body (Yagi et al., 2016).
adult pharyngeal nerve [FBbt_00004021]
The pharyngeal nerve of the adult brain is 7um thick and contains axons connecting with the lower, anterior half of the adult head capsule including sensory organs along the esophagus (Ito et al., 2014). It fuses with the accessory pharyngeal nerve at its exit from the gnathal ganglion, probably from the mandibular neuromere (Ito et al., 2014). After branching to the cibarial sense organ, it loops beneath cibarial muscle 9 near the cibarial-esophageal junction to anastomose medially with the stomodeal nerve and the contralateral pharyngeal nerve. From the region of these anastomoses a single median nerve extends ventrally and gives a number of branches to the dilator muscle of the cibarial pump (Miller, 1950).
adult pharyngeal nerve anterior root [FBbt_00051415]
Anteriormost root of the adult pharyngeal nerve (Kendroud et al., 2018). It develops from the larval pharyngeal nerve anterior root (Kendroud et al., 2018).
adult pharyngeal nerve medial root [FBbt_00051416]
Medial root of the adult pharyngeal nerve (Kendroud et al., 2018). It develops from the larval pharyngeal nerve medial root (Kendroud et al., 2018).
adult pharyngeal nerve posterior root [FBbt_00051417]
Posterior root of the adult pharyngeal nerve (Kendroud et al., 2018). It develops from the larval pharyngeal nerve posterior root (Kendroud et al., 2018).
adult pharyngeal nerve root [FBbt_00004006]
Continuation of fibers from the adult pharyngeal nerve into the brain. There are three main roots, which enter at the level of the tritocerebrum (Kendroud et al., 2018).
adult posterior anterior ventral commissure [FBbt_00047136]
Adult commissure found at the anterior of the neuromere that crosses the midline posterior to the hemilineage 2A primary neurites (Shepherd et al., 2016; Court et al., 2020). In the prothoracic and mesothoracic neuromeres the axons form a single commissure but in the metathoracic neuromere the axons are pulled apart to form two distinct commissures (Court et al., 2020). It is derived from the larval anterior ventral commissure, which becomes segregated into two (anterior and posterior) adult commissures (Court et al., 2020).
adult posterior dorsal commissure [FBbt_00047557]
Any adult ventral nerve cord commissure that develops from a larval posterior dorsal commissure. There is one of these in the upper tectulum of each neuromere and it contains fibers of hemilineage 6A (Court et al., 2020).
adult posterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve [FBbt_00004061]
A nerve that arises from the adult ventral nerve cord, just posterior to the root of the anterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020). It projects posteriolaterally before branching, with one branch innervating the tergal depressor of the trochanter (muscle 66), while the other branch forms further, terminal branches that innervate targets including the dorsal medial muscle (dorsal longitudinal muscle) (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020).
adult posterior dorsal primary neurite tract 1 [FBbt_00049311]
Primary neurite tract of the posterior dorsal (PD) adult brain in the first clockwise position (from posterior perspective), from ventrolateral to dorsal to ventromedial, of PD tracts that enter the lateral horn (Frechter et al., 2019).
adult posterior dorsal primary neurite tract 2 [FBbt_00049312]
Primary neurite tract of the posterior dorsal (PD) adult brain in the second clockwise position (from posterior perspective), from ventrolateral to dorsal to ventromedial, of PD tracts that enter the lateral horn (Frechter et al., 2019). Lateral horn neurons that enter the neuropil via this tract are predominantly output neurons (Frechter et al., 2019).
adult posterior dorsal primary neurite tract 3 [FBbt_00049313]
Primary neurite tract of the posterior dorsal (PD) adult brain in the third clockwise position (from posterior perspective), from ventrolateral to dorsal to ventromedial, of PD tracts that enter the lateral horn (Frechter et al., 2019). Lateral horn neurons that enter the neuropil via this tract are predominantly local neurons (Frechter et al., 2019).
adult posterior dorsal primary neurite tract 4 [FBbt_00049314]
Primary neurite tract of the posterior dorsal (PD) adult brain in the fourth clockwise position (from posterior perspective), from ventrolateral to dorsal to ventromedial, of PD tracts that enter the lateral horn (Frechter et al., 2019). Lateral horn neurons that enter the neuropil via this tract are predominantly local neurons (Frechter et al., 2019).
adult posterior dorsal primary neurite tract 5 [FBbt_00049315]
Primary neurite tract of the posterior dorsal (PD) adult brain in the fifth clockwise position (from posterior perspective), from ventrolateral to dorsal to ventromedial, of PD tracts that enter the lateral horn (Frechter et al., 2019).
adult posterior dorsal primary neurite tract 6 [FBbt_00049316]
Primary neurite tract of the posterior dorsal (PD) adult brain in the sixth clockwise position (from posterior perspective), from ventrolateral to dorsal to ventromedial, of PD tracts that enter the lateral horn (Frechter et al., 2019).
adult posterior dorsal primary neurite tract 7 [FBbt_00049317]
Primary neurite tract of the posterior dorsal (PD) adult brain in the seventh clockwise position (from posterior perspective), from ventrolateral to dorsal to ventromedial, of PD tracts that enter the lateral horn (Frechter et al., 2019).
adult posterior intermediate commissure [FBbt_00047558]
Any adult ventral nerve cord commissure that develops from a larval posterior intermediate commissure. There are three of these in the prothoracic neuromere and four in the mesothoracic and metathoracic neuromeres (Court et al., 2020). They collectively contain fibers of hemilineages 5B, 6B, 12B, 19B and 23B (Court et al., 2020).
adult posterior lateral ellipsoid fascicle [FBbt_00049274]
Posterior component of the lateral ellipsoid fascicle in the adult brain (Lovick et al., 2013). It is formed by a dorsal branch of the BAMv1 (LALv1) lineage and it curves dorsally towards the central complex (Lovick et al., 2013).
adult posterior lateral equatorial fascicle [FBbt_00049226]
Posterior tract of the adult lateral equatorial fascicle (Lovick et al., 2013). It contains axons of the CP1 ventral hemilineage (Lovick et al., 2013).
adult posterior lateral fascicle [FBbt_00007083]
An arch-like bundle of neuronal fibers in the adult brain connecting the posterior lateral protocerebrum (PLP) and the superior intermediate protocerebrum (SIP) (Ito et al., 2014). It demarcates the boundary between the superior clamp and lateral horn/superior lateral protocerebrum (SLP) (Ito et al., 2014). The posterior lateral fascicle makes a steep curve near the anterior medial edge of the lateral horn (LH), where it narrowly intersects the trajectories of the mALT, mlALT and lALT. It can be divided into two sections: the lateral section between the PLP and the LH tip, and the superior section between the LH tip and the SIP (Tanaka et al., 2012). Some of the olfactory projection neurons send collateral branches to the PLP via the lateral section of the posterior lateral fascicle, and to the SIP via the superior section of the posterior lateral fascicle (Tanaka et al., 2012). From Strausfeld (FlyBase:FBrf0239233, FlyBase:FBrf0239234) pg 99 in Musca Domestica. Confirmed as present in Drosophila melanogaster by VH.
adult posterior longitudinal superior lateral fascicle [FBbt_00052207]
Posterior component of the adult longitudinal superior lateral fascicle (Lovick et al., 2013). It is composed of axons of the DPLl2/3 lineage (Lovick et al., 2013).
adult posterior longitudinal superior medial fascicle [FBbt_00049242]
Posterior part of the adult longitudinal superior medial fascicle that is composed of multiple lineages (Wong et al., 2013; Lovick et al., 2013).
adult posterior metathoracic posterior anterior ventral commissure [FBbt_00047450]
Posterior of the two adult metathoracic posterior anterior ventral commissures (Court et al., 2020).
adult posterior posterior lateral protocerebrum commissure [FBbt_00100355]
Commissure running above the esophagus and below the inferior bridge, connecting the middle levels of the posterior lateral protocerebrum in the adult (Ito et al., 2014). It demarcates the boundary between the inferior bridge and superior posterior slope (Ito et al., 2014).
adult posterior superior transverse fascicle [FBbt_00049203]
Posterior superior transverse fascicle of the adult.
adult posterior ventral primary neurite tract 1 [FBbt_00049288]
Primary neurite tract of the posterior ventral (PV) adult brain in the first clockwise position (from posterior perspective), from ventrolateral to dorsal to ventromedial, of PV tracts that enter the lateral horn (Frechter et al., 2019).
adult posterior ventral primary neurite tract 10 [FBbt_00049297]
Primary neurite tract of the posterior ventral (PV) adult brain in the tenth clockwise position (from posterior perspective), from ventrolateral to dorsal to ventromedial, of PV tracts that enter the lateral horn (Frechter et al., 2019).
adult posterior ventral primary neurite tract 11 [FBbt_00049298]
Primary neurite tract of the posterior ventral (PV) adult brain in the eleventh clockwise position (from posterior perspective), from ventrolateral to dorsal to ventromedial, of PV tracts that enter the lateral horn (Frechter et al., 2019).
adult posterior ventral primary neurite tract 12 [FBbt_00049460]
Twelfth primary neurite tract of the posterior ventral (PV) adult brain that enters the lateral horn (Dolan et al., 2019).
adult posterior ventral primary neurite tract 2 [FBbt_00049289]
Primary neurite tract of the posterior ventral (PV) adult brain in the second clockwise position (from posterior perspective), from ventrolateral to dorsal to ventromedial, of PV tracts that enter the lateral horn (Frechter et al., 2019). Lateral horn neurons that enter the neuropil via this tract are predominantly local neurons (Frechter et al., 2019).
adult posterior ventral primary neurite tract 3 [FBbt_00049290]
Primary neurite tract of the posterior ventral (PV) adult brain in the third clockwise position (from posterior perspective), from ventrolateral to dorsal to ventromedial, of PV tracts that enter the lateral horn (Frechter et al., 2019). Lateral horn neurons that enter the neuropil via this tract are predominantly output neurons (Frechter et al., 2019).
adult posterior ventral primary neurite tract 4 [FBbt_00049291]
Primary neurite tract of the posterior ventral (PV) adult brain in the fourth clockwise position (from posterior perspective), from ventrolateral to dorsal to ventromedial, of PV tracts that enter the lateral horn (Frechter et al., 2019). Lateral horn neurons that enter the neuropil via this tract are predominantly local neurons (Frechter et al., 2019).
adult posterior ventral primary neurite tract 5 [FBbt_00049292]
Primary neurite tract of the posterior ventral (PV) adult brain in the fifth clockwise position (from posterior perspective), from ventrolateral to dorsal to ventromedial, of PV tracts that enter the lateral horn (Frechter et al., 2019). Lateral horn neurons that enter the neuropil via this tract are predominantly output neurons (Frechter et al., 2019).
adult posterior ventral primary neurite tract 6 [FBbt_00049293]
Primary neurite tract of the posterior ventral (PV) adult brain in the sixth clockwise position (from posterior perspective), from ventrolateral to dorsal to ventromedial, of PV tracts that enter the lateral horn (Frechter et al., 2019).
adult posterior ventral primary neurite tract 7 [FBbt_00049294]
Primary neurite tract of the posterior ventral (PV) adult brain in the seventh clockwise position (from posterior perspective), from ventrolateral to dorsal to ventromedial, of PV tracts that enter the lateral horn (Frechter et al., 2019).
adult posterior ventral primary neurite tract 8 [FBbt_00049295]
Primary neurite tract of the posterior ventral (PV) adult brain in the eighth clockwise position (from posterior perspective), from ventrolateral to dorsal to ventromedial, of PV tracts that enter the lateral horn (Frechter et al., 2019).
adult posterior ventral primary neurite tract 9 [FBbt_00049296]
Primary neurite tract of the posterior ventral (PV) adult brain in the ninth clockwise position (from posterior perspective), from ventrolateral to dorsal to ventromedial, of PV tracts that enter the lateral horn (Frechter et al., 2019).
adult prosternal nerve [FBbt_00007654]
A slender nerve that projects anteriorly from the adult ventral nerve cord, near the base of the dorsal prothoracic nerve to innervate the prosternal sense organ (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020).
adult prothoracic accessory nerve [FBbt_00004056]
An adult nerve that connects to the prothoracic neuromere slightly posterior and ventral to the anterior prothoracic chordotonal organ and slightly dorsal to the root of the ventral prothoracic nerves (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020). It extends laterally and dorsally almost to the lateral body wall before branching to innervate obliquely placed vertical muscles (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020).
adult prothoracic anterior anterior ventral commissure [FBbt_00047133]
Commissure found at the ventralmost margin of the prothoracic neuromere, outside of the cell body rind, at the anterior of the neuromere (Court et al., 2020). It is derived from the larval prothoracic anterior ventral commissure, which becomes segregated into two (anterior and posterior) adult commissures, and is formed by primary neurite bundles of hemilineage 1A (Court et al., 2020).
adult prothoracic anterior intermediate anterior commissure [FBbt_00047317]
Commissure of the adult prothoracic neuromere that is derived from the larval prothoracic anterior intermediate commissure and is formed by hemilineage 8B neurons (Court et al., 2020). It crosses the midline posterior to hemilineage 2A fibers and anterior to the anterior intermediate posterior commissure (Court et al., 2020).
adult prothoracic anterior intermediate posterior commissure [FBbt_00047318]
Commissure of the adult prothoracic neuromere that is derived from the larval prothoracic anterior intermediate commissure and is formed by hemilineage 7B neurons (Court et al., 2020). It crosses the midline posterior to hemilineage 2A fibers and posterior to the anterior intermediate anterior commissure (Court et al., 2020).
adult prothoracic anterior posterior intermediate commissure [FBbt_00048157]
Commissure of the adult prothoracic neuromere that is derived from the larval prothoracic posterior intermediate commissure and is formed by hemilineage 5B neurons (Court et al., 2020). It is the most anterior of the adult posterior intermediate commissures in this neuromere (Court et al., 2020).
adult prothoracic chordotonal nerve [FBbt_00049893]
Very short and thick nerve that arises in the adult prothoracic neuromere, immediately below the anteriodorsal and prosternal nerves, and connects to the prothoracic chordotonal sense organ (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020).
adult prothoracic dorsal posterior intermediate commissure [FBbt_00048155]
Commissure of the adult prothoracic neuromere that is derived from the larval prothoracic posterior intermediate commissure and is formed by hemilineage 19B neurons (Court et al., 2020). It is the most dorsal of the adult posterior intermediate commissures in this neuromere and it crosses the midline close to, but anterior to, the prothoracic posterior dorsal commissure (Court et al., 2020).
adult prothoracic leg nerve [FBbt_00007657]
A nerve that carries a mix of motor and sensory fibers from the prothoracic leg to the adult prothoracic neuromere (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020). Each nerve extends laterally and slightly anteriorly from a slight swelling at the lower anterior corner of the ventral-anterior region of the prothoracic neuromere (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020).
adult prothoracic posterior anterior ventral commissure [FBbt_00047144]
Commissure found at the anterior of the adult prothoracic neuromere that crosses the midline posterior to the hemilineage 2A primary neurites (Shepherd et al., 2016; Court et al., 2020). It is derived from the larval prothoracic anterior ventral commissure, which becomes segregated into two (anterior and posterior) adult commissures (Court et al., 2020). It is formed of lineages 13B and 14A (Court et al., 2020).
adult prothoracic posterior dorsal commissure [FBbt_00047462]
Dorsalmost commissure of the adult prothoracic neuromere that runs through the upper tectulum (Court et al., 2020). It develops from the larval prothoracic posterior dorsal commissure and it contains the axons of hemilineage 6A (Court et al., 2020).
adult prothoracic posterior posterior intermediate commissure [FBbt_00048156]
Commissure of the adult prothoracic neuromere that is derived from the larval prothoracic posterior intermediate commissure (Court et al., 2020). It is formed by hemilineage 6B, 12B and 23B neurons, which remain closely-associated in this neuromere and cross the midline as a single commissure (Court et al., 2020). It is found slightly posterior and ventral to the prothoracic anterior posterior intermediate commissure (Court et al., 2020).
adult prothoracic ventral anterior intermediate commissure [FBbt_00047146]
Commissure of the adult prothoracic neuromere that is derived from the larval prothoracic anterior intermediate commissure and is formed by hemilineage 10B neurons (Court et al., 2020). It crosses the midline anterior to hemilineage 2A fibers (Court et al., 2020).
adult recurrent nerve [FBbt_00100332]
The adult recurrent nerve runs from the frontal ganglion posteriorly along the esophagus and foregut (Ito et al., 2014). It contains fibers of the enteric nervous system (Ito et al., 2014). It does not connect to the brain (Ito et al., 2014). Rajashekhar and Singh (1994) consider the recurrent nerve to consist of the nerve tract extending from the frontal ganglion only to the point where the pharyngeal nerve and stomodeal nerve separate, whilst Ito et al., (FlyBase:FBrf0224194) appear to consider the adult recurrent nerve as extending from the frontal ganglion to the foregut. We adopt the latter definition.
adult salivary gland nerve [FBbt_00004051]
Nerve of the adult that exits the stomodeal ganglion posteriorly to innervate the salivary glands. There are two of these.
adult second abdominal nerve [FBbt_00004106]
Nerve that apparently emerges in the dorsalmost region of the adult metathoracic neuromere but contains axons that originate/terminate in the second abdominal neuromere (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020). The nerve projects postero-laterally to the most posterior-lateral corner of the thorax, where it innervates transverse tubular muscles (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020). This nerve also contains the afferent fibers from a multiscolophorous organ located on the ventral surface of the second abdominal segment (Shepherd and Smith, 1996; Court et al., 2020).
adult stomodeal nerve [FBbt_00004048]
Nerve arising from the corpus cardiacum (Rajashekhar and Singh, 1994), located along the dorsal surface of the esophagus. After it exits from the esophageal canal it loops ventrally and anastomoses with the pharyngeal nerve to form the recurrent nerve (Rajashekhar and Singh, 1994). It enters the tritocerebrum, ascends dorsally and arborizes near the midline. Kankel et al. (1980) describe this nerve as arising from the posterior region of the stomodeal ganglion.
adult subesophageal-calycal tract [FBbt_00048334]
A tract of the adult connecting the subesophageal zone to the mushroom body calyx and/or accessory calyces (Yagi et al., 2016).
adult superior antennal lobe commissure [FBbt_00100351]
Dorsal-most of two commissures connecting the adult antennal lobes and running in front of the ellipsoid body, superior to the lateral ellipsoid body commissure (Ito et al., 2014).
adult superior arch commissure [FBbt_00007075]
Commissure located above the fan-shaped body (FB), connecting the superior medial protocerebrum (SMP), superior clamp and inferior clamp (Ito et al., 2014). It demarcates the boundaries of FB (superior region) and SMP (inferior region) (Ito et al., 2014).
adult superior posterior lateral protocerebrum commissure [FBbt_00007077]
Commissure of the adult brain that is located dorsal to the mushroom body pedunculus and between the fan-shaped body and antler (Ito et al., 2014). It passes near the lateral horn but does not enter the neuropil (Ito et al., 2014). It demarcates the boundary between the superior and inferior clamp (Ito et al., 2014). From Strausfeld (FlyBase:FBrf0239233, FlyBase:FBrf0239234) pg 63 & 99 in Musca Domestica. Confirmed as present in Drosophila melanogaster by VH, and named as ‘commissure of lateral horn’ due to its apparent connection to the lateral horns. However, Ito et al., (FlyBase:FBrf0224194) argue that this commissure passes near the lateral horn but does not actually enter the neuropil. Instead it bends downwards in its lateral parts and connects superior areas of the posterior lateral protocerebrum.
adult third abdominal nerve [FBbt_00004107]
Thin nerve containing only fine fibers that is found lateral and slightly anterior to the fourth abdominal nerve (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020).
adult transverse antennal lobe tract [FBbt_00007482]
Smaller tract that shares a common root (dorsomedial root) with the medial antennal lobe tract (mALT) and mediolateral antennal lobe tract (mlALT) and connects the antennal lobe to the mushroom body calyx, lateral horn or posterior lateral protocerebrum. Fibers can run above, through or below the mushroom body pedunculus, running posterior to the fan-shaped body. The tract contains around 60 fibers. Some of the projection neurons that fasciculate with the tALT send collateral branches to the ring neuropil via the superior section of the posterior lateral fascicle (PLF) (Tanaka et al., 2012).
adult transverse nerve [FBbt_00111323]
Thin, peripheral adult nerve that branches from the segmental nerve in the dorsal midline of the thoracico-abdominal of each abdominal neuromere. Each transverse nerve from A1 to A5 extends obliquely forward to the next preceding abdominal neuromere where it terminates on the alary muscles of the heart chamber.
adult ventral cervical fasciculus [FBbt_00047532]
Bilaterally paired ventral bundle of the cervical connective (Power, 1948). Upon entering the brain, it divides into two (medial and lateral) tracts (Power, 1948). Upon entering the anterior ventral nerve cord it turns slightly ventrally, then, in the prothoracic neuromere, it divides into two main tracts, dorsal lateral and ventral median (Power, 1948).
adult ventral nerve cord commissure [FBbt_00049997]
Any symmetrical commissure (FBbt:00005103) that is part of some adult ventral nerve cord (FBbt:00004052).
adult ventral posterior lateral fascicle [FBbt_00052214]
Ventral component of the adult posterior lateral fascicle (Lovick et al., 2013). It is composed of fibers of the BLVp1/2 lineages (Lovick et al., 2013).
adult ventral prothoracic nerve [FBbt_00004057]
A nerve that carries fibers from two clusters of microchaetae on the prothoracic coxa and to motor neuron fibers from lateral anterior muscles (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020). It connects to the prothoracic neuromere just dorsal to the root of the prothoracic leg nerve and branches about halfway along its length into a motor branch that stays within the body and a sensory branch that projects to the leg (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020).
adult vertical posterior fascicle [FBbt_00049275]
Tract of the adult brain that projects ventrally between the lateral horn and the posterior lateral protocerebrum (Wong et al., 2013; Lovick et al., 2013). It is formed by DPLp1/2 lineages and innervates the posterior lateral protocerebrum and the wedge (Wong et al., 2013).
adult vertical superior lateral protocerebral tract [FBbt_00049276]
Tract of the adult brain that projects ventrally into the superior lateral protocerebrum (Lovick et al., 2013). It is formed by the DPLam lineage (Wong et al., 2013).
adult vertical ventrolateral protocerebral tract [FBbt_00049272]
Tract of the adult brain that extends dorsally into the anterior ventrolateral protocerebrum (Lovick et al., 2013). It is formed by the anterior hemilineages of BLVp1/2 (Lovick et al., 2013).
antennal lobe commissure [FBbt_00047939]
Commissure that connects the two antennal lobes.
antennal lobe tract [FBbt_00001635]
A tract connecting the antennal lobe to various neuropils of the protocerebrum.
antennal nerve [FBbt_00006045]
Nerve that carries axons to the adult or larval antennal lobe.
antennal nerve branch [FBbt_00007670]
One of the terminal branches of the antennal nerve in the antenna. One branch goes to the Johnston’s organ in the second antennal segment. In the third antennal segment, the nerve splits into 3 major branches, which further ramify to innervate the external sensory organs of this segment.
antenno-subesophageal tract on adult brain template Ito2014 [VFB_00030835]
[adult antenno-subesophageal tract; antenno-subesophageal tract on adult brain template Ito2014; computer graphic]
anterior bundle [FBbt_00007157]
Tract of the adult brain which runs through the hole in the middle of the ellipsoid body (the ellipsoid body canal).
anterior cerebro-cervical fascicle [FBbt_00100346]
The anterior cerebro-cervical fascicle derives from the inferior medial part of the cervical connective (Ito et al., 2014). It runs by the posterior maxillary sensory center (PMS) and converges to the inferior fiber system (Ito et al., 2014). It demarcates the boundary between the flange and saddle (Ito et al., 2014).
anterior cerebro-cervical fascicle on adult brain template Ito2014 [VFB_00030836]
[computer graphic; anterior cerebro-cervical fascicle on adult brain template Ito2014]
anterior chiasma of the central complex [FBbt_00110651]
Chiasma that lies on the midline between the fan-shaped body (FB) and ellipsoid body (EB) (Ito et al., 2014). Some fibers from one side of the FB project to the contralateral side of the lateral accessory lobe and EB (Ito et al., 2014).
anterior cross [FBbt_00007076]
Commissure located dorsal and anterior of the fan-shaped body which links the two superior medial and lateral protocerebra of the adult brain. Could be a chiasm, rather than a commissure.
anterior dorsal commissure [FBbt_00052197]
Commissure located anterior and dorsal of the fan-shaped body (or its primordium in the larva) that connects the two superior lateral protocerebrum synaptic neuropil domains.
anterior dorsal commissure on adult brain template Ito2014 [VFB_00030837]
[adult anterior dorsal commissure; anterior dorsal commissure on adult brain template Ito2014; computer graphic]
anterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve on adult VNS template, Court2018 [VFB_00100013]
[adult anterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve; anterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve on adult VNS template, Court2018; adult VNS template - Court2018; computer graphic]
anterior lateral ellipsoid fascicle [FBbt_00052209]
Anterior component of the lateral ellipsoid fascicle, formed by the DALv2 lineage (Lovick et al., 2017). It passes close to the mushroom body medial lobe towards the central complex (or its primordium in the larva) (Lovick et al., 2013; Lovick et al., 2017).
anterior lateral equatorial fascicle [FBbt_00049230]
Anterior tract of the lateral equatorial fascicle (Lovick et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015). It contains axons of the DALv1 lineage (Lovick et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015).
anterior longitudinal superior medial fascicle [FBbt_00049240]
Anterior part of the longitudinal superior medial fascicle that is formed by posterior projections of the DAMd2/3 lineages (Wong et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015).
anterior optic tract on adult brain template Ito2014 [VFB_00030827]
[adult anterior optic tract; computer graphic; anterior optic tract on adult brain template Ito2014]
anterior superior lateral protocerebrum fascicle on adult brain template Ito2014 [VFB_00030839]
[adult anterior superior lateral protocerebrum fascicle; anterior superior lateral protocerebrum fascicle on adult brain template Ito2014; computer graphic]
anterior superior transverse fascicle [FBbt_00049199]
Anteriormost of three transverse (medial-lateral) fascicles found between the superior and inferior protocerebrum (Pereanu et al, 2010). It has a conspicuous U-shape that demarcates the boundary of the superior lateral protocerebrum (Pereanu et al, 2010). It is formed by fibers of the DPLal lineages (Pereanu et al, 2010).
anterior ventral commissural pioneer tract [FBbt_00001633]
One of the supraesophageal commissural pioneer tracts. It is formed by the axons that reach the P2m cluster, follow its outline and reach the dorsal midline where they meet and fasciculate with their contralateral counterparts.
antero-basal tract [FBbt_00007128]
Tract of the larval brain which is connected to the baso-anterior synaptic neuropil domain (BA; antennal compartment). This tract travels along the neuropil glial sheath which forms the boundary between baso-anterior (BA) and baso-central (BC) synaptic neuropil domains. The tract then turns dorsally to make the antennal root of the antenno-cerebral tract (ACT).
AOT(R) on JRC_FlyEM_Hemibrain [VFB_00101483]
[AOT(R) on JRC_FlyEM_Hemibrain; adult anterior optic tract; computer graphic]
aristal nerve [FBbt_00003978]
Fine nerve of the arista. It branches from the antennal nerve and extends along the arista to innervate the aristal sensillum at the base of the arista shaft.
Bolwig nerve [FBbt_00001967]
Larval nerve connecting the Bolwig’s organ to the optic lobe. It consists of the axons of the photoreceptor cells of Bolwig organ.
brain commissure [FBbt_00049996]
Any symmetrical commissure (FBbt:00005103) that is part of some brain (FBbt:00005095).
broad root [FBbt_00003987]
A short axon tract containing only a few fibers which projects from the posterior of the antennal lobe, just ventral to the medial antennal lobe tract. Fibers from this tract pass into posterior brain areas, e.g. into the region of the great commissure.
bypass nerve [FBbt_00004027]
. Need connectivity information from VH and AJ.
C1 fascicle [FBbt_00005905]
Dorsalmost fascicle that is part of the centrointermediate (CI) fascicle in the larval ventral nerve cord (Zlatic et al., 2003).
C2 fascicle [FBbt_00005906]
Second-most ventral fascicle that is part of the centrointermediate (CI) fascicle in the larval ventral nerve cord (Zlatic et al., 2003). CITv encompasses ‘C2 fascicle’ and ‘C3 fascicle’ [FBC:DW].
C3 fascicle [FBbt_00005907]
Ventralmost fascicle that is part of the centrointermediate (CI) fascicle in the larval ventral nerve cord (Zlatic et al., 2003). CITv encompasses ‘C2 fascicle’ and ‘C3 fascicle’ [FBC:DW].
central anastomosing tract [FBbt_00001636]
Tract of the embryonic protocerebrum. It is formed from an interchange of axons between the medial/lateral cervical tracts and the lateral protocerebral tract. Before approaching the midline, bundles of axons branch off the lateral protocerebral tract and join the medial/lateral cervical tracts. This tract might correspond to the pioneer of the antennocerebral tract (Nassif et al., 1998).
central descending protocerebral fascicle [FBbt_00049216]
Fiber bundle that runs between the protocerebrum and subesophageal ganglion (Lovick et al, 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015). It is formed by DALd and other DAL lineages with their somas in the anterior cortex (Pereanu et al, 2010).
cervical connective on adult VNS template, Court2018 [VFB_00100004]
[adult cervical connective; computer graphic; adult VNS template - Court2018; cervical connective on adult VNS template, Court2018]
chiasma [FBbt_00005814]
A tract of crossing fibers, that remaps or systematically permutates the linear order between two neuropils.
CI fascicle [FBbt_00111638]
Longitudinal fascicle of the larval ventral nerve cord found in a central position on the dorsal-ventral axis and an intermediate position on the medial-lateral axis (Landgraf et al., 2003). This fascicle is loosely organized, and contains three distinct tracts, the C1, C2 and C3 fascicles (Landgraf et al., 2003; Zlatic et al., 2003).
CL fascicle [FBbt_00005901]
Lateral longitudinal fascicle of the larval ventral nerve cord, found between the dorsolateral (DL) and ventrolateral (VL) fascicles (Landgraf et al., 2003).
combined L1-L3 nerve [FBbt_00049637]
Nerve bundle running through the radial vein of the wing, parallel to the costal nerve of the proximal wing margin (Murray et al., 1984). It feeds into the anterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve proximally and splits into the marginal (L1) and L3 nerves distally (Murray et al., 1984).
commissure [FBbt_00007084]
A fiber bundle that crosses the midline, connecting both hemispheres (Ito et al., 2014).
commissure of fine fibers of the ITD [FBbt_00047536]
Commissure formed by the crossing of the midline of the medial subdivision of the intermediate tract of the dorsal cervical fascicle (Power, 1948). Fibers from this chiasma tend to terminate in the mesothoracic neuromere (Power, 1948).
commissure of Fine Fibers of the ITD on adult VNC, JRC2018VU [VFB_00104639]
[commissure of fine fibers of the ITD; computer graphic; JRC2018UnisexVNC; is part of; adult ventral nerve cord; commissure of Fine Fibers of the ITD on adult VNC, JRC2018VU]
commissure of JON [FBbt_00110185]
Commissure that connects the AMMC of both hemispheres via which the JO neurons innervate the contralateral AMMC. It runs below the esophagus foramen (Kamikouchi et al., 2006).
commissure of the prothoracic neuromere [FBbt_00047545]
Posteriorly-bowed band of fibers of the prothoracic neuromere, extending almost to the lateral edges of the neuromere (Power, 1948). It cannot be related to any specific hemilineages (Court et al., 2020).
connective [FBbt_00005104]
A longitudinally oriented fascicle that connects two or more neuromeres.
costal nerve [FBbt_00100123]
Nerve that travels through the costal vein of the proximal wing margin (Palka et al., 1979), it remains distinct from the combined L1-L3 nerve until both nerves leave the wing via the anterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve (Murray et al., 1984). It is composed of axons collected from the marginal sensilla of the distal, medial and proximal costa, as well as the tegula (Palka et al., 1979).
crop nerve [FBbt_00004050]
Nerve of the adult that exits the stomodeal ganglion posteriorly to innervate the crop.
deutero/tritocerebral embryonic fiber tract [FBbt_00001630]
Tract of the embryonic deutocerebrum and tritocerebrum.
DI fascicle [FBbt_00005904]
Dorsal fascicle of the larval ventral nerve cord that is found in an intermediate position on the medial-lateral axis, dorsal to the CI fascicles (Landgraf et al., 2003).
DL fascicle [FBbt_00015900]
Dorsalmost lateral longitudinal fascicle of the larval ventral nerve cord (Landgraf et al., 2003).
DM fascicle [FBbt_00005909]
Dorsalmost medial longitudinal fascicle of the larval ventral nerve cord (Landgraf et al., 2003).
dorsal accessory commissure of the mesothoracic neuromere [FBbt_00047549]
Dorsoposteriorly-located commissure of the adult mesothoracic neuromere that is composed of fine fibers (Power, 1948). It cannot be related to any specific hemilineages (Court et al., 2020).
dorsal fusion commissure [FBbt_00007434]
Commissure of the adult dorsal protocerebrum that carries the projections of a number of pacemaker neurons: DN1, DN2 and LNd.
dorsal lateral tract of dorsal cervical fasciculus [FBbt_00047533]
Most lateral continuation of fibers from the dorsal cervical fascicle into the adult ventral nerve cord (Power, 1948). It travels dorsally and laterally across the prothoracic and mesothoracic neuromeres (Power, 1948). Some large elements enter the metathoracic neuromere and a few fibers are passed to the haltere nerve, leaving only a few small fibers to reach the dorsal parts of the abdominal neuropil (Power, 1948). It contains axons of descending neurons that innervate the neck, wing, haltere and leg neuropils (Namiki et al., 2018).
dorsal lateral tract of ventral cervical fasciculus [FBbt_00047541]
Dorsal lateral continuation of fibers from the ventral cervical fascicle into the adult ventral nerve cord (Power, 1948). It spreads out as it extends posteriorly and becomes largely incorporated into the ventral ellipse (Power, 1948).
dorsal lateral tract of ventral cervical fasciculus on adult VNC, JRC2018VU [VFB_00104634]
[dorsal lateral tract of ventral cervical fasciculus on adult VNC, JRC2018VU; JRC2018UnisexVNC; is part of; adult ventral nerve cord; computer graphic]
dorsal lateral tract on adult VNC, JRC2018VU [VFB_00104633]
[adult ventral nerve cord; dorsal lateral tract on adult VNC, JRC2018VU; JRC2018UnisexVNC; is part of; dorsal lateral tract of dorsal cervical fasciculus; computer graphic]
dorsal median tract of dorsal cervical fasciculus [FBbt_00047535]
Most medial continuation of fibers from the dorsal cervical fascicle into the adult ventral nerve cord (Power, 1948). It bows laterally in the mesothoracic region, but returns medially as it passes through the narrow region between the mesothoracic and metathoracic neuromeres (Power, 1948). At the level of the haltere nerve, it turns to run lateroposteriorly, giving off collaterals in the metathoracic neuromere and entering the metathoracic leg nerve (Power, 1948). It passes below the commissure of fine fibers, but above the metathoracic anterior intermediate (haltere) commissure (Power, 1948). It contains the projections of a large number of descending neurons that innervate both the dorsal and ventral tectulum and the leg neuropils (Namiki et al., 2018).
dorsal median tract on adult VNC, JRC2018VU [VFB_00104635]
[dorsal median tract on adult VNC, JRC2018VU; dorsal-medial tract; neuron projection bundle of adult ventral nerve cord; JRC2018UnisexVNC; is part of; computer graphic]
dorsal metathoracic nerve on adult VNS template, Court2018 [VFB_00100019]
[adult dorsal metathoracic nerve; dorsal metathoracic nerve on adult VNS template, Court2018; adult VNS template - Court2018; computer graphic]
dorsal posterior commissure [FBbt_00007121]
Commissure of the larval brain which is connected to (among others) the posterior transverse tract.
dorsal posterior protocerebral tract [FBbt_00049219]
A vertical axon tract of the brain formed from fibers of the DPMl1 lineage as they descend to the subesophageal ganglion (Hartenstein et al., 2015).
dorsal prothoracic nerve on adult VNS template, Court2018 [VFB_00100014]
[adult dorsal prothoracic nerve; dorsal prothoracic nerve on adult VNS template, Court2018; computer graphic; adult VNS template - Court2018]
dorsal-medial tract [FBbt_00001645]
Fiber tract of the embryonic ventral nerve cord that develops from the vMP2 tract from stage 15.
dorsolateral posterior lateral fascicle [FBbt_00052217]
Dorsolateral component of the posterior lateral fascicle (Lovick et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015). It is composed of fibers of the DPLpv lineage (Lovick et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015).
dorsomedial posterior lateral fascicle [FBbt_00052220]
Dorsomedial component of the posterior lateral fascicle (Lovick et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015). It is composed of fibers of the CP2/3 lineages (Lovick et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015).
EA bundle of antennal mechanosensory and motor center [FBbt_00100006]
Bundle, devoid of presynaptic sites, formed from one branch of the final, most posterior bifurcation of the antennal mechanosensory and motor center (AMMC) main trunk (MT). The other side of the bifurcation gives rise to the lateral core of the AMMC (LC). It is directly connected to zone E of the AMMC and consists of the projections of zone E Johnston’s organ neurons. DISAMBIGUATION: Kamikouchi et al., 2006, refer to this as part of zone E, however we use AMMC zone E to refer only to the synapse rich region anterior to the EA. Evidence that EA bundle of AMMC lacks presynaptic sites is based on negative anti-syntaxin immunolabelling and synaptobrevin::GFP localization (Kamikouchi et al., 2006).
embryonic fiber tract [FBbt_00001623]
Fiber tract of the embryo.
embryonic/larval abdominal 8 nerve [FBbt_00002606]
Nerve of larval abdominal segment 8. This nerve has three roots, two of which are in positions corresponding the roots of the segmental and intersegmental nerves in A1-7. It follows a path similar to that of the nerve of larval abdominal segment 9, which contains some fibers that originate in the roots of the A8 nerve. It carries motor neurons that innervate the ventral longitudinal and lateral transverse muscles of A8. It also carries sensory afferents from the spiracular hairs and from the following A8 sensilla: DMSOp, ALSOp, lch3, DMSOh.
embryonic/larval antennal lobe tract [FBbt_00007148]
Tract of the larva that connects the antennal lobe to other neuropils in the protocerebrum, including mushroom body and lateral horn.
embryonic/larval antennal nerve [FBbt_00001965]
Nerve that carries axons from larval sense organs in the head, including the dorsal organ, to the larval antennal lobe (Kendroud et al., 2018). It also carries a small number of axons to the anterior tritocerebrum, foreshadowing the position of the antennal mechanosensory and motor center in the adult (Kendroud et al., 2018).
embryonic/larval cervical connective [FBbt_00001922]
Longitudinal connective of the embryonic/larval nervous system that forms the anterior continuation of several tracts of the ventral nerve cord into the brain after they anastomose in the subesophageal ganglion (Nassif et al., 1998; Hartenstein et al., 2015). It is composed of three tracts; the lateral, posterior and medial cervical tracts (Nassif et al., 1998; Hartenstein et al., 2015). Dorsally, after passing the foregut, it branches into the supraesophageal commissure and protocerebral connective (Nassif et al., 1998). The antennal nerve and the frontal connective branch off the cervical connective in the deutocerebrum (Nassif et al., 1998).
embryonic/larval frontal nerve [FBbt_00002630]
Unpaired larval nerve that travels in the median cleft between the dorsal pharyngeal muscles (Campos-Ortega and Hartenstein, 1997). Fine fibers from this nerve innervate these muscles (Schoofs et al., 2010). It is connected to the frontal ganglion (frontal nerve junction) (Schoofs et al., 2010).
embryonic/larval head nerve [FBbt_00007318]
Any nerve (FBbt:00005105) that is part of some larval head (FBbt:00001730).
embryonic/larval labial nerve [FBbt_00001978]
Nerve carrying axons from the embryonic or larval head, including the hypophysis and the labial organ, to the embryonic/larval subesophageal ganglion.
embryonic/larval labral nerve [FBbt_00001966]
Nerve of the larval head that carries axons from the labral sense organs (epiphysis, dorsopharyngeal organ and pharyngeal chordotonal organ) to the tritocerebrum (Schmidt-Ott et al., 1994; Hartenstein et al., 2018; Kendroud et al., 2018). It joins the hypopharyngeal nerve and the frontal connective to form the pharyngeal nerve (Hartenstein et al., 2018; Kendroud et al., 2018).
embryonic/larval lateral antennal lobe tract [FBbt_00111687]
The most lateral of the antennal lobe tracts of the larva. It connects the antennal lobe to the lateral horn.
embryonic/larval maxillary nerve [FBbt_00001979]
Larval subesophageal nerve carrying axons from the embryonic or larval head, including the terminal organ and the ventral organ, terminating in the subesophageal ganglion.
embryonic/larval medial antennal lobe tract [FBbt_00111686]
The most medial of the antennal lobe tracts of the larva. It connects the antennal lobe to the mushroom body calyx and lateral horn . Most uniglomerular olfactory projection neurons fasciculate with this tract.
embryonic/larval mediolateral antennal lobe tract [FBbt_00049263]
Tract of the larva that is formed by axons of the BAla1 lineage (Hartenstein et al., 2015). It separates from the other ALT tracts and extends laterally, terminating in the inferior protocerebrum surrounding the mushroom body pedunculus (Hartenstein et al., 2015).
embryonic/larval optic stalk [FBbt_00001931]
Receptor axons that arise in the eye disc gain access to the developing optic lobe in the supraesophageal hemisphere in the embryonic/larval brain by way of the optic stalk connecting these two structures. The optic stalk is tube-like and provides a funnel through which not only the imaginal receptor axons reach the brain, but also the axons of Bolwig’s nerve (Meinertzhagen and Hanson, 1993).
embryonic/larval posterior cervical tract [FBbt_00007126]
.
embryonic/larval protocerebral commissure [FBbt_00007378]
Commissure connecting left and right halves of the embryonic/larval protocerebrum.
embryonic/larval protocerebral connective [FBbt_00001924]
Horizontal connective of the embryonic/larval protocerebrum that branches from the cervical connective. It is pioneered by the medial and lateral protocerebral tracts.
embryonic/larval recurrent nerve [FBbt_00002631]
Embryonic or larval nerve connecting the frontal ganglion to the hypocerebral and paraesophageal ganglia. It contains approximately 50 neuronal projections and is surrounded by flattened cells - probably glia.
embryonic/larval supraesophageal connective [FBbt_00001921]
Connective of the embryonic/larval supraesophageal ganglion.
embryonic/larval tritocerebral commissure [FBbt_00007377]
Commissure connecting left and right halves of the embryonic/larval tritocerebrum. Might better be considered first commissure of the VNC?
fascicle [FBbt_00007426]
A tract of the central nervous system that does not cross the midline.
fascicle of optic foci [FBbt_00007085]
Longitudinal tract of the adult midbrain connecting anterior and posterior domains within the ventro-lateral protocerebrum and deutocerebrum. From Strausfeld (FlyBase:FBrf0239233, FlyBase:FBrf0239234) pg 99 in Musca Domestica. Confirmed as present in Drosophila melanogaster by VH & WP, but possible disagreement (or terminology clash) between VH and WP. WP has it connecting optic foci to great commissure.
first optic chiasma [FBbt_00005810]
Chiasma lying between the lamina and medulla of the optic lobe (Ito et al., 2014). Axons reverse the anterior-posterior order between the lamina and the medulla, with axons from the anterior lamina cartridges projecting to the posterior medulla columns (Ito et al., 2014).
frontal connective [FBbt_00007379]
Connective that connects the larval frontal ganglion with the larval brain. It receives lateral projections from the frontal ganglion (Schoofs et al., 2010). It joins the pharyngeal nerve and innervates the tritocerebrum (Hartenstein et al., 2018; Kendroud et al., 2018).
frontal median commissure [FBbt_00049221]
Commissure located dorsal and anterior to the fan-shaped body (or its primordium in the larva) (Hartenstein et al., 2015). It connects the two protocerebra of the brain across the midline.
frontal nerve [FBbt_00100329]
Nerve that connects the tritocerebrum and the frontal ganglion.
GC on JRC_FlyEM_Hemibrain [VFB_00101478]
[adult great commissure; GC on JRC_FlyEM_Hemibrain; computer graphic]
great commissure [FBbt_00047941]
Large, ventral supraesophageal commissure connecting the two brain hemispheres, running the full width of the central brain.
great commissure on adult brain template Ito2014 [VFB_00030829]
[adult great commissure; great commissure on adult brain template Ito2014; computer graphic]
haltere tract [FBbt_00049638]
Tract formed from the continuation of sensory fibers from the dorsal metathoracic (haltere) nerve into the metathoracic neuromere extending towards the cervical connective (Court et al., 2020). It feeds into the intermediate tract of the dorsal cervical fasciculus in the mesothoracic neuromere as its lateral component (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020). The tract has small arborizations with some of the fibers bending anterolaterally to become part of the haltere commissure in the metathoracic neuromere, while others turn ventrally and straggle into the dorsolateral part of the mesothoracic neuromere where they are quickly lost (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020).
horizontal ventrolateral protocerebral fascicle [FBbt_00100340]
Emerging from cells located in the lateral cell body region, the horizontal ventrolateral protocerebral fascicle terminates in an area between the lateral accessory lobe, inferior clamp and epaulette (Ito et al., 2014). It contains fibers projecting towards the inferior and ventromedial neuropils (Ito et al., 2014). It demarcates the boundaries of the lateral accessory lobe (posterior region), inferior clamp (inferior region) and epaulette (superior region) (Ito et al., 2014).
horizontal ventrolateral protocerebral fascicle on adult brain template Ito2014 [VFB_00030841]
[horizontal ventrolateral protocerebral fascicle on adult brain template Ito2014; computer graphic]
horizontal ventrolateral protocerebral fascicle on adult brain template Ito2014 [VFB_00030842]
[horizontal ventrolateral protocerebral fascicle on adult brain template Ito2014; computer graphic]
inferior AMMC commissure [FBbt_00110184]
Commissure that connects the AMMC of both hemispheres. It runs below the esophagus, ventral to the superior AMMC commissure (Lai et al., 2012).
inferior antennal lobe commissure on adult brain template Ito2014 [VFB_00030843]
[inferior antennal lobe commissure on adult brain template Ito2014; adult inferior antennal lobe commissure; computer graphic]
inferior ventral body commissure [FBbt_00007079]
Commissure of the adult brain located anterior and ventral of the fan-shaped body which connects left and right ventral bodies. Strausfeld, 1976 (FlyBase:FBrf0239233, FlyBase:FBrf0239234) refers to this as a connective, but it is clearly midline crossing.
intermediate dorsal abdominal tract [FBbt_00047315]
The intermediate of the three small dorsal tracts that connect the adult thoracic and abdominal neuromeres (Power, 1948). It carries fibers between (at least) the metathoracic neuromere and the abdominal neuromere (Power, 1948).
intermediate longitudinal fascicle [FBbt_00005903]
Longitudinal fascicle of the larval ventral nerve cord that is located in an intermediate position on the medial-lateral axis.
intermediate superior transverse fascicle [FBbt_00049210]
Intermediate of three transverse (medial-lateral) fascicles found between the superior and inferior protocerebrum (Pereanu et al, 2010). It is formed by BLAd, BLD and BLV lineages (Pereanu et al, 2010).
intermediate tract of dorsal cervical fasciculus [FBbt_00047534]
Intermediate continuation of fibers from the dorsal cervical fascicle into the adult ventral nerve cord (Power, 1948). It runs dorsally through the prothoracic and mesothoracic neuromeres (Power, 1948). Towards the posterior, it becomes subdivided into two separate tracts, with the inner tract turning abruptly medially to form the commissure of fine fibers of the ITD in the mesothoracic neuromere (Power, 1948). The larger, more lateral subdivision splits again more posteriorly, with fibers of the lateral division entering the dorsal metathoracic (haltere) nerve (via the haltere tract) and fibers of the medial division entering the metathoracic anterior intermediate (haltere) commissure (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020). Court et al. (2020) refer to the medial subdivision (ITD-CFF) of this tract as being the new ITD, but do not provide a replacement name for this combined tract.
intermediate tract of dorsal cervical fasciculus - commissure of fine fibers [FBbt_00047839]
Medialmost subdivision of the intermediate tract of the dorsal cervical fasciculus that feeds into the commissure of fine fibers (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020). It contains the axons of many descending neurons that terminate widely in neck, wing, haltere and leg neuropils (Namiki et al 2018; Court et al., 2020). Court et al. (2020) refer to this medial subdivision of the intermediate tract of the dorsal cervical fasciculus (ITD) as being the new ITD.
intermediate tract of dorsal cervical fasciculus - haltere commissure [FBbt_00047838]
Tract formed by axons of hemilineage 8B interneurons as they extend anteriorly from the metathoracic anterior intermediate (haltere) commissure towards the cervical connective (Court et al., 2020). It feeds into the intermediate tract of the dorsal cervical fasciculus (ITD) as its intermediate component (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020).
intermediate tract of dorsal cervical fasciculus on adult VNC, JRC2018VU [VFB_00104638]
[JRC2018UnisexVNC; is part of; adult ventral nerve cord; computer graphic; intermediate tract of dorsal cervical fasciculus on adult VNC, JRC2018VU]
intersegmental nerve root [FBbt_00007604]
The continuation of the neurite bundle and associated glia of the intersegmental nerve, inside the ventral nerve cord.
ITD haltere chiasma on adult VNC, JRC2018VU [VFB_00104640]
[adult metathoracic anterior intermediate commissure; JRC2018UnisexVNC; is part of; ITD haltere chiasma on adult VNC, JRC2018VU; adult ventral nerve cord; computer graphic]
ITD haltere tract on adult VNC, JRC2018VU [VFB_00104641]
[ITD haltere tract on adult VNC, JRC2018VU; adult dorsal metathoracic nerve; JRC2018UnisexVNC; neuron projection bundle of adult ventral nerve cord; is part of; computer graphic]
Johnston organ bundle of antennal nerve [FBbt_00100001]
Bundle formed from the fasciculated axons of the Johnston’s organ neurons (JONs) within the antennal nerve (AN). The JONs form two bundles (dorsolateral and medioventral) within the antennal nerve by the point it reaches the base of antennal segment 1 (a1/scape). Shortly before entering the brain, these two bundles combine and spread over a large area of the AN cross-section. Upon entering the brain, the JONs predominantly occupy the ventral part of the AN. At the ventrolateral side of the antennal lobe, the bundle bifurcates. One side of the bifurcation gives rise to the main trunk of the antennal mechanosensory and motor center (AMMC). The other side defasciculates and innervates zone A of the AMMC.
L3 nerve [FBbt_00100119]
Nerve bundle running through wing vein L3.
labial nerve [FBbt_00100333]
Nerve that connects the adult labium or the larval head.
labial/prothoracic embryonic fiber tract [FBbt_00001638]
Tract of the embryonic labial neuromere.
labral nerve [FBbt_00100327]
Nerve that is associated with the adult labrum or the larval labral sense organs.
labro_frontal_nerve - painted domain, BrainName pu [VFB_00030830]
[adult labro-frontal nerve; adult brain template Ito2014; computer graphic; labro_frontal_nerve - painted domain, BrainName pu]
larval abdominal 1 anterior commissure [FBbt_00001111]
Any larval abdominal anterior commissure (FBbt:00001110) that is part of some larval abdominal 1 neuromere (FBbt:00111033).
larval abdominal 1 anterior intermediate commissure [FBbt_00048476]
Any larval anterior intermediate commissure (FBbt:00047118) that is part of some larval abdominal 1 neuromere (FBbt:00111033).
larval abdominal 1 anterior ventral commissure [FBbt_00047564]
Any larval anterior ventral commissure (FBbt:00047117) that is part of some larval abdominal 1 neuromere (FBbt:00111033).
larval abdominal 1 median nerve [FBbt_00002598]
Any larval abdominal median nerve (FBbt:00002597) that is part of some larval abdominal segment 1 (FBbt:00001748).
larval abdominal 1 posterior commissure [FBbt_00001126]
Any larval abdominal posterior commissure (FBbt:00001125) that is part of some larval abdominal 1 neuromere (FBbt:00111033).
larval abdominal 1 posterior dorsal commissure [FBbt_00048481]
Any larval posterior dorsal commissure (FBbt:00047122) that is part of some larval abdominal 1 neuromere (FBbt:00111033).
larval abdominal 1 posterior intermediate commissure [FBbt_00047220]
Any larval posterior intermediate commissure (FBbt:00047120) that is part of some larval abdominal 1 neuromere (FBbt:00111033).
larval abdominal 1 transverse nerve [FBbt_00052540]
Larval transverse nerve found in abdominal segment 1. A parasympathetic organ is found at its base and it bifurcates relatively close to its exit point from the ventral nerve cord (Santos et al., 2006). Since there is no VT1 muscle in this segment (Campos-Ortega and Hartenstein, 1997), this nerve does not carry a VT1 motor neuron, unlike transverse nerves in other segments. Gorczyca et al. (1994) - FBrf0075005 claim that this does not exist, despite what appears to be an A1 nerve in their figure 2A.
larval abdominal 10 intersegmental nerve [FBbt_00002623]
Any nerve (FBbt:00005105) that is part of some larval abdominal segment 10 (FBbt:00001757).
larval abdominal 2 anterior commissure [FBbt_00001112]
Any larval abdominal anterior commissure (FBbt:00001110) that is part of some larval abdominal 2 neuromere (FBbt:00111034).
larval abdominal 2 median nerve [FBbt_00002599]
Any larval abdominal median nerve (FBbt:00002597) that is part of some larval abdominal segment 2 (FBbt:00001749).
larval abdominal 2 posterior commissure [FBbt_00001127]
Any larval abdominal posterior commissure (FBbt:00001125) that is part of some larval abdominal 2 neuromere (FBbt:00111034).
larval abdominal 2 transverse nerve [FBbt_00052541]
Larval transverse nerve found in abdominal segment 2. A parasympathetic organ is found at its base and it bifurcates relatively close to its exit point from the ventral nerve cord (Gorczyca et al., 1994; Santos et al., 2006).
larval abdominal 3 anterior commissure [FBbt_00001113]
Any larval abdominal anterior commissure (FBbt:00001110) that is part of some larval abdominal 3 neuromere (FBbt:00111035).
larval abdominal 3 median nerve [FBbt_00002600]
Any larval abdominal median nerve (FBbt:00002597) that is part of some larval abdominal segment 3 (FBbt:00001750).
larval abdominal 3 posterior commissure [FBbt_00001128]
Any larval abdominal posterior commissure (FBbt:00001125) that is part of some larval abdominal 3 neuromere (FBbt:00111035).
larval abdominal 3 transverse nerve [FBbt_00052542]
Larval transverse nerve found in abdominal segment 3. A parasympathetic organ is found at its base and it bifurcates relatively close to its exit point from the ventral nerve cord (Gorczyca et al., 1994; Santos et al., 2006).
larval abdominal 4 anterior commissure [FBbt_00001114]
Any larval abdominal anterior commissure (FBbt:00001110) that is part of some larval abdominal 4 neuromere (FBbt:00111036).
larval abdominal 4 median nerve [FBbt_00002601]
Any larval abdominal median nerve (FBbt:00002597) that is part of some larval abdominal segment 4 (FBbt:00001751).
larval abdominal 4 posterior commissure [FBbt_00001129]
Any larval abdominal posterior commissure (FBbt:00001125) that is part of some larval abdominal 4 neuromere (FBbt:00111036).
larval abdominal 4 transverse nerve [FBbt_00052543]
Larval transverse nerve found in abdominal segment 4. There is no parasympathetic organ at its base and it bifurcates relatively close to its exit point from the ventral nerve cord (Gorczyca et al., 1994; Santos et al., 2006).
larval abdominal 5 anterior commissure [FBbt_00001115]
Any larval abdominal anterior commissure (FBbt:00001110) that is part of some larval abdominal 5 neuromere (FBbt:00111037).
larval abdominal 5 median nerve [FBbt_00002602]
Any larval abdominal median nerve (FBbt:00002597) that is part of some larval abdominal segment 5 (FBbt:00001752).
larval abdominal 5 posterior commissure [FBbt_00001130]
Any larval abdominal posterior commissure (FBbt:00001125) that is part of some larval abdominal 5 neuromere (FBbt:00111037).
larval abdominal 5 transverse nerve [FBbt_00052544]
Larval transverse nerve found in abdominal segment 5. There is no parasympathetic organ at its base and it bifurcates more distally than more anterior transverse nerves (Gorczyca et al., 1994; Santos et al., 2006).
larval abdominal 6 anterior commissure [FBbt_00001116]
Any larval abdominal anterior commissure (FBbt:00001110) that is part of some larval abdominal 6 neuromere (FBbt:00111038).
larval abdominal 6 median nerve [FBbt_00002603]
Any larval abdominal median nerve (FBbt:00002597) that is part of some larval abdominal segment 6 (FBbt:00001753).
larval abdominal 6 posterior commissure [FBbt_00001131]
Any larval abdominal posterior commissure (FBbt:00001125) that is part of some larval abdominal 6 neuromere (FBbt:00111038).
larval abdominal 6 transverse nerve [FBbt_00052545]
Larval transverse nerve found in abdominal segment 6. There is no parasympathetic organ at its base and it bifurcates more distally than more anterior transverse nerves (Gorczyca et al., 1994; Santos et al., 2006).
larval abdominal 7 anterior commissure [FBbt_00001117]
Any larval abdominal anterior commissure (FBbt:00001110) that is part of some larval abdominal 7 neuromere (FBbt:00111039).
larval abdominal 7 median nerve [FBbt_00002604]
Any larval abdominal median nerve (FBbt:00002597) that is part of some larval abdominal segment 7 (FBbt:00001754).
larval abdominal 7 posterior commissure [FBbt_00001132]
Any larval abdominal posterior commissure (FBbt:00001125) that is part of some larval abdominal 7 neuromere (FBbt:00111039).
larval abdominal 7 transverse nerve [FBbt_00052546]
Larval transverse nerve found in abdominal segment 7. There is no parasympathetic organ at its base and it bifurcates more distally than more anterior transverse nerves (Gorczyca et al., 1994; Santos et al., 2006).
larval abdominal 8 anterior commissure [FBbt_00001118]
Any larval abdominal anterior commissure (FBbt:00001110) that is part of some larval abdominal 8 neuromere (FBbt:00111040).
larval abdominal 8 median nerve [FBbt_00002605]
Any larval abdominal median nerve (FBbt:00002597) that is part of some larval abdominal segment 8 (FBbt:00001755).
larval abdominal 8 posterior commissure [FBbt_00001133]
Any larval abdominal posterior commissure (FBbt:00001125) that is part of some larval abdominal 8 neuromere (FBbt:00111040).
larval abdominal 8 transverse nerve [FBbt_00052547]
Larval transverse nerve found in abdominal segment 8. There is no parasympathetic organ at its base and it bifurcates more distally than more anterior transverse nerves (Gorczyca et al., 1994; Santos et al., 2006). Santos et al. (2006) unsure whether this exists due to tangling in samples.
larval abdominal 9 anterior commissure [FBbt_00001119]
Any larval abdominal anterior commissure (FBbt:00001110) that is part of some larval abdominal 9 neuromere (FBbt:00111041).
larval abdominal 9 intersegmental nerve [FBbt_00002618]
Any larval abdominal intersegmental nerve (FBbt:00002319) that is part of some larval abdominal segment 9 (FBbt:00001756).
larval abdominal anterior commissure [FBbt_00001110]
Anterior-most of the two midline-crossing commissures that develop in the posterior half of each abdominal neuromere, except for a9 which only has one commissure. The anterior commissure contains more fibers than the posterior commissure.
larval abdominal intersegmental nerve [FBbt_00002319]
Any larval intersegmental nerve (FBbt:00001997) that is part of some larval abdominal segment (FBbt:00001747).
larval abdominal median nerve [FBbt_00002597]
[larval abdominal nerve; larval abdominal median nerve; dorsal nerve]
larval abdominal nerve [FBbt_00047362]
Nerve of the larval abdomen.
larval abdominal posterior commissure [FBbt_00001125]
Posterior-most of the two main midline-crossing commissures that develop in the posterior half of each abdominal neuromere, except for a9 which only has an anterior commissure. The posterior commissure contains fewer fibers than the anterior commissure and is located approximately at the level of the posterior neuromere boundary.
larval abdominal segmental nerve [FBbt_00002197]
Segmental nerve found in the abdominal segments of the embryo/larva.
larval abdominal transverse nerve [FBbt_00002180]
Abdominal transverse nerve that exits the ventral nerve cord at a dorsomedial position, splits into a left and right branch and extends ventrally along the segment boundary (Gorczyca et al., 1994). Formed by the axons of the abdominal intersegmental bidendritic neuron (isbp) and the abdominal intersegmental trachea-associated neuron (istd) (Campos-Ortega, J.A., Hartenstein, V., 1997). The three more anterior TN’s split into two branches right after exiting the ventral midline; the TN’s of segments 5-8 diverge more distally.
larval antennal lobe commissure [FBbt_00047940]
Commissure that connects the two larval antennal lobes.
larval antennal-pharyngeal nerve [FBbt_00049186]
Compound nerve of the larval head that carries axons of neurons of both the antennal and pharyngeal nerves as they enter/exit the brain together (Hartenstein et al., 2018; Miroschnikow et al., 2018).
larval anterior commissure [FBbt_00001105]
Most anterior of the two main commissures found in each neuromere (the only commissure in A9) of the larval ventral nerve cord (Landgraf et al., 2003; Birkholz et al., 2015). In some segments, at some stages these can be further divided into multiple components along the dorsal-ventral axis (Truman et al., 2004; Birkholz et al., 2015; Hartenstein et al., 2018).
larval anterior dorsal commissure [FBbt_00047119]
Dorsal subdivision of the larval anterior commissure (Truman et al., 2004; Birkholz et al., 2015). It is thinner than the posterior dorsal commissure (Truman et al., 2004) and is found only in the three thoracic neuromeres (Birkholz et al., 2015).
larval anterior dorsal commissure of brain [FBbt_00052198]
Larval precursor of the adult anterior dorsal commissure, formed by fibers of lineage DAMd1 (Hartenstein et al., 2015).
larval anterior intermediate commissure [FBbt_00047118]
Intermediate subdivision of the larval anterior commissure (Truman et al., 2004; Birkholz et al., 2015). It is found in all thoracic neuromeres and, at a significantly reduced size, in the labial (S3) and A1 neuromeres (Birkholz et al., 2015). There is one anterior intermediate commissure in the anterior gnathal ganglion (S1/S2) (Kuert et al., 2014).
larval anterior intersegmental nerve root of A1-7 [FBbt_00110210]
Anterior root of the intersegmental nerve of abdominal segments 1 to 7, through which the motor neurons of the next anterior segment project, to innervate the muscles. The nerve connects to the neuropil laterally and the fascicle curves dorsomedially (Landgraf et al., 2003).
larval anterior lateral ellipsoid fascicle [FBbt_00051449]
Tract of the larval brain that is formed by the DALv2 lineage and is the precursor to the adult anterior lateral ellipsoid fascicle (Lovick et al., 2017). It is a straight, postero-medially directed bundle that passes underneath the mushroom body medial lobe before turning medially and terminating prior to the midline (Lovick et al., 2017).
larval anterior lateral equatorial fascicle [FBbt_00049228]
Anterior tract of the larval lateral equatorial fascicle (Hartenstein et al., 2015). It contains axons of the DALv1 lineage (Hartenstein et al., 2015).
larval anterior longitudinal superior medial fascicle [FBbt_00049245]
Anterior part of the larval longitudinal superior medial fascicle that is formed by posterior projections of the DAMd2/3 lineages (Hartenstein et al., 2015).
larval anterior superior transverse fascicle [FBbt_00049200]
Anterior superior transverse fascicle of the larva. It demarcates the boundary between the superior lateral protocerebrum and the ventrolateral protocerebrum (Hartenstein et al., 2015).
larval anterior transverse tract [FBbt_00007119]
Tract of the larval brain connected to the central anterior synaptic neuropil domain.
larval anterior ventral commissure [FBbt_00047117]
Ventral subdivision of the larval anterior commissure (Truman et al., 2004; Birkholz et al., 2015). It is prominent in the thoracic neuromeres, reduced in A1, rudimentary in all other abdominal neuromeres and absent from the gnathal segments (Birkholz et al., 2015). In abdominal segments, it is formed predominantly from lineage 9 neurons (Truman et al., 2004).
larval anterior vertical bundle [FBbt_00051365]
Vertical tract formed by neurons projecting dorsally into the neuropil of the ventral nerve cord or gnathal ganglion at a similar position to the anterior commissure on the anterior-posterior axis (Hartenstein et al., 2018). This is formed by lineages 7, 8, 9, 15 and 16 in the neuromeres in which they are present (Hartenstein et al., 2018). ‘Portal’ nomenclature of Kuert et al. (2014) - FBrf0224770 refers to entry point rather than tract.
larval basolateral protocerebral tract [FBbt_00049215]
An axon tract of the larval brain which is a branch of the posterior cervical tract (Nassif et al., 2003). It innervates the basoposterior lateral compartment (ventrolateral protocerebrum) (Younossi-Hartenstein et al., 2003).
larval basomedial protocerebral tract [FBbt_00007130]
An axon tract of the larval brain which is a branch of the lateral cervical tract. The branch point, at the center of the basal synaptic neuropil domain (the neuropil glial sheath between baso-posterio medial (BPM), baso-central (BC) and baso-posterior lateral (BPL)) compartments is known as the anterior hub. It crosses the baso-posterior lateral compartment (BPL) where it splays out into several terminal branches.
larval central descending protocerebral fascicle [FBbt_00049218]
Fiber bundle of the larva that runs between the protocerebrum and the ventral brain and subesophageal ganglion (Hartenstein et al., 2015). It is formed by DALd and other DAL lineages with their somas in the anterior cortex (Pereanu et al, 2010). Its distance from the DPPT increases during larval development as the protocerebrum increases in size (Hartenstein et al., 2015).
larval dorsal posterior protocerebral tract [FBbt_00007122]
A vertical axon tract of the larval brain connecting the dorso-posterior compartment (DP) to the subesophageal ganglion (Younossi-Hartenstein et al., 2003). The tract dives ventrally through the centro-posterior intermediate compartment (CPI) towards the posterior boundary of the basoposterior medial compartment where it joins the posterior cervical tract (PCT) (Younossi-Hartenstein et al., 2003). It is formed by the DPMl1 lineage and moves further from the deCP as the protocerebrum grows during larval development (Hartenstein et al., 2015).
larval dorsolateral posterior lateral fascicle [FBbt_00052218]
Dorsolateral component of the larval posterior lateral fascicle (Hartenstein et al., 2015). It is composed of fibers of the DPLpv lineage (Hartenstein et al., 2015).
larval dorsomedial posterior lateral fascicle [FBbt_00052222]
Dorsomedial component of the larval posterior lateral fascicle (Hartenstein et al., 2015). It is composed of fibers of the CP2/3 lineages (Hartenstein et al., 2015).
larval esophageal nerve 1 [FBbt_00002636]
Nerve of the embryo/larva that extends posteriorly from the paraesophageal ganglion, on the right side, following the convexity of the curved esophagus, and innervates the visceral muscle layering that cover the proventriculus.
larval esophageal nerve 2 [FBbt_00002637]
Nerve of the embryo/larva that extends posteriorly from the hypocerebral ganglion, on the left side, to reach the ventricular ganglion. It then extends posteriorly to terminate on the proventricular wall.
larval frontal median commissure [FBbt_00047943]
Commissure located in the dorsal part of the larval brain. It connects the two protocerebral hemispheres.
larval gnathal ganglion commissure [FBbt_00051364]
Commissure of the larval gnathal ganglion at late embryonic or larval stages. These are analogous to commissures found in the ventral nerve cord, but there are fewer per neuromere (Kuert et al., 2018; Hartenstein et al., 2018).
larval great commissure [FBbt_00047942]
Main ventral commissure of the larval brain. It is a massive fiber tract that runs through the ventromedial cerebrum, ventral to the fan-shaped body primordium (Pereanu et al., 2010). It runs the full width of the central brain and contains many other fibers that connect different neuropils (Hartenstein et al., 2015).
larval hindgut nerve [FBbt_00052537]
Nerve the runs along the lateral larval hindgut (Campos-Ortega and Hartenstein, 1997). It branches from the abdominal 9 nerve at the posterior end of the larva and follows the hindgut anteriorly (Campos-Ortega and Hartenstein, 1997).
larval hypopharyngeal nerve [FBbt_00001970]
Nerve of the larval head that carries axons from the hypopharyngeal sense organ. It is joined by a branch carrying axons from the latero-hypopharyngeal organ (Schmidt Ott et al., 1994). It joins the pharyngeal nerve before it enters the tritocerebrum (Hartenstein et al., 2018; Kendroud et al., 2018).
larval intermediate superior transverse fascicle [FBbt_00049212]
Intermediate of three transverse (medial-lateral) fascicles found between the superior and inferior protocerebrum of the larval brain (Pereanu et al, 2010). It is formed by BLAd, BLD and BLV lineages (Pereanu et al, 2010).
larval intersegmental nerve [FBbt_00001997]
Larval nerve of segments T1-A7. It exits the ventral ganglion at a position adjacent to the anterior commissure as a fascicle which shares a glial sheath with the segmental nerve (posterior fascicle), running dorsally until it encounters the ventral oblique musculature, at which point it splits into separate segmental and intersegmental nerves with their own glial sheaths. The intersegmental nerve runs dorsally along a path anterior to the segmental nerve. It branches to various sensory clusters and muscles.
larval intersegmental nerve branch ISNb of A1-7 [FBbt_00007326]
A ventral branch of the intersegmental nerve of segments A1-7 that exits the ventral nerve cord through the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve. Its branching point is dorsal to that of ISNd. It consists mostly of motorneuron axons whose soma is located in the next anterior segment, which innervate various ventral somatic muscles including muscles VO1-3 and VL1. ISNd could be considered a branch of ISNb, which is in turn a branch of ISN (Landgraf et al., 1997).
larval intersegmental nerve branch ISNd of A1-7 [FBbt_00007327]
A ventral branch of the intersegmental nerve of segments A1-7 that exits the ventral nerve cord through the anterior root of the intersegmental nerve. Its branching point is ventral to that of ISNb. It consists mostly of motorneuron axons whose soma is located in the next anterior segment, which innervate various ventral somatic muscles. ISNd could be considered a branch of ISNb, which is in turn a branch of ISN (Landgraf et al., 1997).
larval intersegmental nerve of A1-7 [FBbt_00007314]
Intersegmental nerve of larval segments A1-A7. With a couple of exceptions, the motor neurons whose axons it carries have their cell bodies in the segment anterior immediately to the muscles they innervate. Proximally it shares a glial sheath with segmental nerve before branching from it at the ventral edge of the ventral oblique muscles. It then runs dorsally, anterior to the segmental nerve. Its branches include (from ventral to dorsal): two motor branches that innervate the internal muscles- ISNb and ISNd, which innervate the ventral oblique and ventral muscle fibers; and a sensory branch that penetrates the lateral transverse fibers to reach the lateral sensory cluster. Upon entering the dorsal muscle group, it splits to form an externally directed sensory branch connected to the dorsal sensory cluster, and an internally directed branch which carries efferent axons to the dorsal musculature. Almost all motor neurons that fasciculate with the segmental nerve have their soma located in the same segment in which the muscles they project to are located. There are two exceptions: DA2 motorneuron and VUM motor neuron (Landgraf et al., 1997).
larval labial anterior commissure [FBbt_00047890]
Any larval anterior commissure (FBbt:00001105) that is part of some larval labial neuromere (FBbt:00001974). The anterior intermediate commissure seems to be the only anterior commissure in the larval labial neuromere (Kuert et al., 2015; Hartenstein et al., 2018).
larval labial posterior commissure [FBbt_00047892]
Any larval posterior commissure (FBbt:00001120) that is part of some larval labial neuromere (FBbt:00001974).
larval labial posterior dorsal commissure [FBbt_00048477]
Any larval posterior dorsal commissure (FBbt:00047122) that is part of some larval labial neuromere (FBbt:00001974).
larval labial posterior intermediate commissure [FBbt_00047200]
Any larval posterior intermediate commissure (FBbt:00047120) that is part of some larval labial neuromere (FBbt:00001974).
larval lateral accessory lobe commissure [FBbt_00049222]
Commissure connecting the lateral accessory lobes in the larva (Hartenstein et al., 2015).
larval lateral ellipsoid fascicle [FBbt_00051448]
Tract of the larval brain that is the precursor to the adult lateral ellipsoid fascicle (Lovick et al., 2017).
larval lateral equatorial fascicle [FBbt_00049224]
Lateral equatorial fascicle of the larva. It is subdivided into anterior and posterior tracts (Hartenstein et al., 2015).
larval lateral posterior superior transverse fascicle [FBbt_00049207]
Lateral component of the posterior superior transverse fascicle in the larval brain. It is formed by the DPLl1 lineage (Hartenstein et al., 2015) and demarcates the boundary between the lateral horn and the superior lateral protocerebrum (Pereanu et al, 2010).
larval lateropharyngeal nerve root [FBbt_00051403]
Continuation of the larval lateropharyngeal nerve into the neuropil (Kendroud et al., 2018). It innervates the ventromedial sensory column in the labial neuromere (Kendroud et al., 2018).
larval longitudinal connective [FBbt_00001103]
Larval connective that extends in an anterior-posterior direction along the larval ventral nerve cord. These tracts continue forward into the subesophageal zone and bend laterally following the outline of the esophageal foramen (Hartenstein et al., 2018). They then converge, with their fibers forming a complex system of anastomoses before continuing into tracts of the supraesophageal ganglion (Hartenstein et al., 2017).
larval longitudinal superior lateral fascicle [FBbt_00049238]
Longitudinal (anterior-posterior) fascicle of the larval brain that belongs to the group of fiber bundles that separate the superior protocerebrum from the inferior protocerebrum (Hartenstein et al., 2015). It is lateral to the longitudinal superior medial fascicle and contains axons of DPLl2/3 lineages (Hartenstein et al., 2015).
larval longitudinal superior medial fascicle [FBbt_00049237]
Longitudinal (anterior-posterior) fascicle of the larval brain that belongs to the group of fiber bundles that separate the superior protocerebrum from the inferior protocerebrum (Hartenstein et al., 2015). It is medial to the longitudinal superior lateral fascicle and contains axons of several DPM and CP lineages (Hartenstein et al., 2015).
larval longitudinal ventral fascicle [FBbt_00049254]
Large longitudinal fascicle of the larval brain found ventral to the medial and lateral equatorial fascicles (Hartenstein et al., 2015). It has three (medial, intermediate and lateral) anterior components and a posterior component; these increase in length during larval development (Hartenstein et al., 2015).
larval longitudinal ventral intermediate fascicle [FBbt_00049252]
Intermediate component of the anterior part of the larval longitudinal ventral fascicle that is formed from the BAlc ventral hemilineage (Hartenstein et al., 2015).
larval longitudinal ventral lateral fascicle [FBbt_00049256]
Lateral component of the anterior part of the larval longitudinal ventral fascicle that is formed from BAlp2/3 lineages (Hartenstein et al., 2015).
larval longitudinal ventral medial fascicle [FBbt_00049258]
Medial component of the anterior part of the larval longitudinal ventral fascicle (Hartenstein et al., 2015). It is formed from BAMv1/2 lineages and it follows the boundary between the lateral accessory lobe and the anterior periesophageal neuropils then runs towards the boundary between the ventromedial cerebrum and the ventrolateral protocerebrum (Hartenstein et al., 2015).
larval longitudinal ventral posterior-lateral fascicle [FBbt_00049260]
Posterior lateral component of the larval longitudinal ventral fascicle that is formed from CM lineages (Hartenstein et al., 2015). larval posterior lateral loV
larval mandibular posterior commissure [FBbt_00047894]
Any larval posterior commissure (FBbt:00001120) that is part of some larval mandibular neuromere (FBbt:00001973). Difficult to distinguish at later developmental stages (Hartenstein et al. (2018). The only mandibular commissure appears to be the posterior intermediate commissure (Hartenstein et al., 2018).
larval maxillary posterior commissure [FBbt_00047893]
Any larval posterior commissure (FBbt:00001120) that is part of some larval maxillary neuromere (FBbt:00001975). Difficult to distinguish at later developmental stages (Hartenstein et al. (2018).
larval maxillary posterior dorsal commissure [FBbt_00047157]
Any larval posterior dorsal commissure (FBbt:00047122) that is part of some larval maxillary neuromere (FBbt:00001975). Difficult to distinguish at later developmental stages (Hartenstein et al. (2018).
larval maxillary posterior intermediate commissure [FBbt_00047156]
Any larval posterior intermediate commissure (FBbt:00047120) that is part of some larval maxillary neuromere (FBbt:00001975). Difficult to distinguish at later developmental stages (Hartenstein et al. (2018).
larval maxillary-labial nerve [FBbt_00049187]
Compound nerve that is formed from the fusion of the labial and maxillary nerves during embryonic stages (Hartenstein et al., 2018; Kendroud et al., 2018). It carries axons of sensory neurons to the three neuromeres of the subesophageal ganglion (Kendroud et al., 2018).
larval maxillary-labial nerve anterior root [FBbt_00051398]
Anteriormost root of the larval maxillary-labial nerve, it innervates the mandibular neuromere (Kendroud et al., 2018).
larval maxillary-labial nerve intermediate anterior root [FBbt_00051396]
Larval maxillary-labial nerve root enters the neuropil at the level of the maxillary neuromere, in a similar position to the intermediate posterior root, then projects anteriorly to innervate the mandibular neuromere (Kendroud et al., 2018).
larval maxillary-labial nerve intermediate posterior root [FBbt_00051397]
Larval maxillary-labial nerve root enters the neuropil at the level of the maxillary neuromere, in a similar position to the intermediate anterior root, and terminates locally in the maxillary neuromere (Kendroud et al., 2018).
larval maxillary-labial nerve intermediate root [FBbt_00051409]
Larval maxillary-labial nerve root enters the neuropil at the level of the maxillary neuromere, in an intermediate position between the anterior and posterior roots (Kendroud et al., 2018). It innervates the mandibular and maxillary neuromeres (Kendroud et al., 2018).
larval maxillary-labial nerve posterior root [FBbt_00051395]
Larval maxillary-labial nerve root that turns posteriorly and enters the neuropil of the labial neuromere (Kendroud et al., 2018).
larval maxillary-labial nerve root [FBbt_00051394]
Continuation of the larval maxillary-labial nerve into the neuropil (Kendroud et al., 2018). As the nerve approaches the neuropil, it splits into four main roots, which carry fibers to different parts of the larval gnathal ganglion (Kendroud et al., 2018).
larval medial equatorial fascicle [FBbt_00049262]
Thick fascicle of the larval brain that runs medial and parallel to the mushroom body pedunculus (Hartenstein et al., 2015). It is formed by dorsal components of the CM lineages and the DPMpl3 lineage (Hartenstein et al., 2015). It extends anteriorly into the inferior protocerebrum and has branches extending to the fan-shaped body primordium, the great commissure and the lateral accessory lobe (Hartenstein et al., 2015).
larval medial posterior superior transverse fascicle [FBbt_00049209]
Medial component of the posterior superior transverse fascicle in the larval brain. It is formed by DPLc lineages and demarcates the boundary between the superior lateral and superior medial protocerebrum (Pereanu et al, 2010).
larval median bundle [FBbt_00049213]
Tract of the anterior midline of the larval brain (Hartenstein et al., 2015). It contains fibers from the BAmas1/2 lineages and it grows in length substantially during larval development (Hartenstein et al., 2015).
larval mesothoracic anterior dorsal commissure [FBbt_00047130]
Any larval anterior dorsal commissure (FBbt:00047119) that is part of some larval mesothoracic neuromere (FBbt:00111031).
larval mesothoracic anterior intermediate commissure [FBbt_00048474]
Any larval anterior intermediate commissure (FBbt:00047118) that is part of some larval mesothoracic neuromere (FBbt:00111031).
larval mesothoracic anterior ventral commissure [FBbt_00047562]
Any larval anterior ventral commissure (FBbt:00047117) that is part of some larval mesothoracic neuromere (FBbt:00111031).
larval mesothoracic intersegmental nerve [FBbt_00002104]
Intersegmental nerve of the mesothoracic segment.
larval mesothoracic posterior dorsal commissure [FBbt_00048479]
Any larval posterior dorsal commissure (FBbt:00047122) that is part of some larval mesothoracic neuromere (FBbt:00111031).
larval mesothoracic posterior intermediate commissure [FBbt_00047218]
Any larval posterior intermediate commissure (FBbt:00047120) that is part of some larval mesothoracic neuromere (FBbt:00111031).
larval mesothoracic segmental nerve [FBbt_00002125]
Segmental nerve of the mesothoracic segment.
larval metathoracic anterior dorsal commissure [FBbt_00047131]
Any larval anterior dorsal commissure (FBbt:00047119) that is part of some larval metathoracic neuromere (FBbt:00111032).
larval metathoracic anterior intermediate commissure [FBbt_00048475]
Any larval anterior intermediate commissure (FBbt:00047118) that is part of some larval metathoracic neuromere (FBbt:00111032).
larval metathoracic anterior ventral commissure [FBbt_00047563]
Any larval anterior ventral commissure (FBbt:00047117) that is part of some larval metathoracic neuromere (FBbt:00111032).
larval metathoracic intersegmental nerve [FBbt_00002142]
Intersegmental nerve of the metathoracic segment.
larval metathoracic posterior dorsal commissure [FBbt_00048480]
Any larval posterior dorsal commissure (FBbt:00047122) that is part of some larval metathoracic neuromere (FBbt:00111032).
larval metathoracic posterior intermediate commissure [FBbt_00047219]
Any larval posterior intermediate commissure (FBbt:00047120) that is part of some larval metathoracic neuromere (FBbt:00111032).
larval metathoracic segmental nerve [FBbt_00002163]
Segmental nerve of the metathoracic segment.
larval nervus corporis cardiaci I [FBbt_00051045]
Larval nerve that carries the axons of neurosecretory neurons of the pars intercerebralis (PI) to the corpus cardiacum (Hartenstein, 2006; de Velasco et al., 2007). It travels ventrally from the PI, posteriorly under the supraesophageal (brain) commissure and loops back dorsally to the ring gland (de Velasco et al., 2007). It is joined by the nervus corporis cardiaci II (NccII) at the medial edge of the protocerebrum (de Velasco et al., 2007).
larval nervus corporis cardiaci II [FBbt_00051047]
Larval nerve that carries the axons of neurosecretory neurons of the pars lateralis (PL) to the corpus cardiacum (Hartenstein, 2006; de Velasco et al., 2007). Its root forms a conspicuous tract travelling medially from the PL, with the nerve emerging from the medial edge of the protocerebrum and joining the nervus corporis cardiaci I on its way to the ring gland (de Velasco et al., 2007).
larval nervus corporis cardiaci II root [FBbt_00051048]
Root of the nervus corporis cardiaci II (de Velasco et al., 2007). It forms a conspicuous tract travelling medially from the pars lateralis to the medial edge of the protocerebrum (where the nerve emerges), passing the mushroom body calyx and peduncle (de Velasco et al., 2007).
larval oblique posterior fascicle [FBbt_00049265]
Conspicuous landmark tract of the larval brain that crosses over the mushroom body pedunculus, near where it emerges from the calyx, then turns anteriorly and joins the longitudinal superior medial fascicle (Hartenstein et al., 2015). It is formed of dorsal components of CP lineages and DPLp1/2 lineages (Hartenstein et al., 2015).
larval papilla nerve [FBbt_00001969]
Nerve of the larval head that carries axons from the dorsolateral papilla.
larval pharyngeal nerve [FBbt_00049185]
Compound nerve formed from the merger of the frontal connective, the hypopharyngeal nerve and the labral nerve, which enter the tritocerebrum together (Hartenstein et al., 2018; Kendroud et al., 2018).
larval pharyngeal nerve anterior root [FBbt_00051401]
Root of the pharyngeal nerve that follows the tract of lineages BAmas1/2 along the anterior surface of the tritocerebrum (Kendroud et al., 2018).
larval pharyngeal nerve medial root [FBbt_00051400]
Root of the pharyngeal nerve that is formed of fibers from the frontal connective (Kendroud et al., 2018). It follows the medial surface of the tritocerebrum, some of its fibers form the anterior part of the anterior ventral sensory center and some continue into the anterior medial part of the anterior central sensory center, where the bundle terminates (Kendroud et al., 2018).
larval pharyngeal nerve posterior root [FBbt_00051402]
Root of the pharyngeal nerve that extends posteriorly, along the ventral surface of the tritocerebrum (Kendroud et al., 2018).
larval pharyngeal nerve root [FBbt_00051399]
Continuation of the larval pharyngeal nerve into the neuropil (Kendroud et al., 2018). Fibers of the frontal connective form their own distinct root and fibers of the labral and hypopharyngeal nerves collectively form two other roots (Kendroud et al., 2018).
larval posterior commissure [FBbt_00001120]
Most posterior of the two main commissures found in each neuromere (absent from A9) of the larval ventral nerve cord (Landgraf et al., 2003; Birkholz et al., 2015). In some segments, at some stages these can be further divided into multiple components along the dorsal-ventral axis (Truman et al., 2004; Birkholz et al., 2015; Hartenstein et al., 2018).
larval posterior dorsal commissure [FBbt_00047122]
Dorsal subdivision of the larval posterior commissure (Truman et al., 2004; Birkholz et al., 2015). It is thicker than the anterior dorsal commissure (Truman et al., 2004) and is found in the labial (S3) and A1 neuromeres, as well as the three thoracic neuromeres (Birkholz et al., 2015).
larval posterior intermediate commissure [FBbt_00047120]
Intermediate subdivision of the larval posterior commissure (Truman et al., 2004; Birkholz et al., 2015). It is found in all thoracic neuromeres and, at a significantly reduced size, in the labial (S3) and A1 neuromeres (Birkholz et al., 2015). It is absent from the anterior gnathal ganglion (S1/S2) (Kuert et al., 2014).
larval posterior intersegmental nerve root of A1-7 [FBbt_00110211]
Posterior root of the intersegmental nerve of abdominal segments 1 to 7, through which the motor neurons of the same segment project, to innervate the muscles. The nerve connects to the neuropil at a dorsolateral position and the fascicle takes a dorsal route towards the midline, passing just below the DI fascicle, feeding into a dorsal commissure (Landgraf et al., 2003).
larval posterior lateral bundle [FBbt_00005986]
Larval transverse fascicle that extends between the lateral neuropil and the midline, intersecting the centrointermediate (CI) fascicle and feeding into the posterior intermediate commissure (Landgraf et al., 2003; Hartenstein et al., 2018). It is formed by lineages 11, 19 and 23 in the neuromeres in which they are present (Hartenstein et al., 2018)
larval posterior lateral ellipsoid fascicle [FBbt_00051450]
Tract of the larval brain that is formed by the BAmv1 (LALv1) lineage and is the precursor to the adult posterior lateral ellipsoid fascicle (Lovick et al., 2017). It converges onto the anterior ellipsoid body primordium from the ventral side (Lovick et al., 2017).
larval posterior lateral equatorial fascicle [FBbt_00049227]
Posterior tract of the larval lateral equatorial fascicle (Hartenstein et al., 2015). It contains axons of the CP1 lineage (Hartenstein et al., 2015).
larval posterior lateral fascicle [FBbt_00049233]
Longitudinal (anterior-posterior) fascicle of the larva that is found on the ventral boundary of the inferior protocerebrum and contains fibers of numerous lineages (Pereanu et al., 2010). Its ventral part is formed by BLVp1 and BLVp2 lineages and its dorsal part is formed by ventral components of CP lineages and DPLpv (Hartenstein et al., 2015).
larval posterior lateral protocerebrum commissure [FBbt_00049268]
Commissure of the larval brain that connects the two posterior lateral protocerebrum neuropil regions across the midline.
larval posterior longitudinal superior medial fascicle [FBbt_00049243]
Posterior part of the larval longitudinal superior medial fascicle that is composed of multiple lineages (Hartenstein et al., 2015).
larval posterior superior transverse fascicle [FBbt_00049202]
Posterior superior transverse fascicle of the larva.
larval posterior vertical bundle [FBbt_00051366]
Vertical tract formed by neurons projecting dorsally into the neuropil of the ventral nerve cord or gnathal ganglion at a similar position to the posterior commissure on the anterior-posterior axis (Hartenstein et al., 2018). This is formed by lineages 3, 5, 6, and 12 in the neuromeres in which they are present (Hartenstein et al., 2018). ‘Portal’ nomenclature of Kuert et al. (2014) - FBrf0224770 refers to entry point rather than tract.
larval prothoracic accessory nerve [FBbt_00048501]
Nerve that connects the dorsal part of the larval head with the central nervous system. It enters the brain between the tritocerebrum and the ventral nerve cord.
larval prothoracic anterior dorsal commissure [FBbt_00047129]
Any larval anterior dorsal commissure (FBbt:00047119) that is part of some larval prothoracic neuromere (FBbt:00111030).
larval prothoracic anterior intermediate commissure [FBbt_00048473]
Any larval anterior intermediate commissure (FBbt:00047118) that is part of some larval prothoracic neuromere (FBbt:00111030).
larval prothoracic anterior ventral commissure [FBbt_00047561]
Any larval anterior ventral commissure (FBbt:00047117) that is part of some larval prothoracic neuromere (FBbt:00111030).
larval prothoracic intersegmental nerve [FBbt_00002064]
Intersegmental nerve of the embryonic/larval prothoracic segment.
larval prothoracic posterior dorsal commissure [FBbt_00048478]
Any larval posterior dorsal commissure (FBbt:00047122) that is part of some larval prothoracic neuromere (FBbt:00111030).
larval prothoracic posterior intermediate commissure [FBbt_00047201]
Any larval posterior intermediate commissure (FBbt:00047120) that is part of some larval prothoracic neuromere (FBbt:00111030).
larval prothoracic segmental nerve [FBbt_00002085]
Segmental nerve of the prothoracic segment.
larval segmental nerve [FBbt_00002037]
Larval nerve of segments T1-A7. It exits the ventral ganglion at a position adjacent to the anterior commissure as a fascicle which shares a glial sheath with the intersegmental nerve (posterior fascicle). This combined nerve runs dorsally until it encounters the ventral oblique musculature, at which point it splits into separate segmental and intersegmental nerves with their own glial sheaths. The segmental nerve runs dorsally along a path posterior to the intersegmental nerve between the musculature and the epidermis. It branches to various sensory clusters and muscles.
larval segmental nerve branch SNa of A1-7 [FBbt_00007328]
Dorsally directed branch of segmental nerve of larval A1-7 that exits the ventral nerve cord through the segmental nerve root. It innervates the external lateral transverse and oblique muscles and carries axons of sensillum vc5 (also known as vp5) and lch1.
larval segmental nerve branch SNc of A1-7 [FBbt_00007329]
Posteriorly directed ventral branch of segmental nerve of larval A1-7 that exits the ventral nerve cord through the segmental nerve root. It innervates the external ventral acute musculature muscles and carries axons of the ventral sensory cluster.
larval segmental nerve of A1-7 [FBbt_00007315]
Segmental nerve of segments A1-7. It contains the axons of motor neurons that innervate the same segment in which their soma is located. Proximally it shares a glial sheath with the intersegmental nerve before branching from it at the ventral edge of the ventral oblique muscles, after which this nerve splits again: the thick, posteriorly directed SNc branch leaves the main trunk of the nerve (SNa) and splits into fine branches - 3 carrying axons from the ventral sensory cluster and a 4th carrying efferents to the ventral acute musculature. The SNa continues dorsally and carries efferent axons innervating the external lateral transverse and oblique muscles and the axons of v’es2 and v’ch1.
larval segmental nerve root of A1-7 [FBbt_00110212]
The continuation of the neurite bundle and associated glia of the segmental nerves of abdominal segments 1-7, inside the ventral nerve cord.
larval sub-ellipsoid commissure [FBbt_00052196]
Commissure of the larval brain formed by fibers of the DALcl1/2 lineages (Hartenstein et al., 2015).
larval superior arch commissure [FBbt_00049269]
Commissure located above the fan-shaped body primordium in the larva (Hartenstein et al., 2015). It contains branches of DPLal lineages (Pereanu and Hartenstein, 2006).
larval thoracic 1 anterior commissure [FBbt_00001107]
Any larval thoracic anterior commissure (FBbt:00001106) that is part of some larval prothoracic neuromere (FBbt:00111030).
larval thoracic 1 posterior commissure [FBbt_00001122]
Any larval thoracic posterior commissure (FBbt:00001121) that is part of some larval prothoracic neuromere (FBbt:00111030).
larval thoracic 2 anterior commissure [FBbt_00001108]
Any larval thoracic anterior commissure (FBbt:00001106) that is part of some larval mesothoracic neuromere (FBbt:00111031).
larval thoracic 2 posterior commissure [FBbt_00001123]
Any larval thoracic posterior commissure (FBbt:00001121) that is part of some larval mesothoracic neuromere (FBbt:00111031).
larval thoracic 3 anterior commissure [FBbt_00001109]
Any larval thoracic anterior commissure (FBbt:00001106) that is part of some larval metathoracic neuromere (FBbt:00111032).
larval thoracic 3 posterior commissure [FBbt_00001124]
Any larval thoracic posterior commissure (FBbt:00001121) that is part of some larval metathoracic neuromere (FBbt:00111032).
larval thoracic anterior commissure [FBbt_00001106]
Any larval anterior commissure (FBbt:00001105) that is part of some larval thoracic neuromere (FBbt:00111029).
larval thoracic posterior commissure [FBbt_00001121]
Any larval posterior commissure (FBbt:00001120) that is part of some larval thoracic neuromere (FBbt:00111029).
larval transverse fascicle [FBbt_00005983]
Fascicle that follows a roughly medial-lateral trajectory through the larval ventral nerve cord or gnathal ganglion (Landgraf et al., 2003; Hartenstein et al., 2018).
larval transverse nerve [FBbt_00001996]
Nerve of the embryonic or larval ventral nerve cord, that extends form the dorsal midline to the periphery.
larval transverse nerve of A1-7 [FBbt_00110305]
Transverse nerve of segments A1-7.
larval transverse nerve root of A1-7 [FBbt_00110307]
The continuation of the neurite bundle and associated glia of the transverse nerve in abdominal segments A1-7.
larval ventral nerve cord commissure [FBbt_00001104]
Commissure of the ventral nerve cord at late embryonic or larval stages. There are two main commissures per segment, anterior and posterior, but the posterior commissure is not present in A9 (Landgraf et al., 2003; Birkholz et al., 2015). In some segments, at some stages these can be further divided into multiple components along the dorsal-ventral axis (Truman et al., 2004; Birkholz et al., 2015; Hartenstein et al., 2018).
larval ventral posterior lateral fascicle [FBbt_00052215]
Ventral component of the larval posterior lateral fascicle (Hartenstein et al., 2015). It is composed of fibers of the BLVp1/2 lineages (Hartenstein et al., 2015).
larval vertical superior lateral protocerebral tract [FBbt_00052200]
Tract of the larval brain that connects the superior lateral protocerebrum and inferior protocerebrum that is formed by the DPLam lineage (Wong et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015).
lateral accessory lobe commissure [FBbt_00049223]
Commissure connecting the lateral accessory lobes across the midline (Ito et al., 2014; Hartenstein et al., 2015).
lateral accessory lobe commissure on adult brain template Ito2014 [VFB_00030845]
[adult lateral accessory lobe commissure; lateral accessory lobe commissure on adult brain template Ito2014; computer graphic]
lateral antennal lobe tract on adult brain template Ito2014 [VFB_00030846]
[adult lateral antennal lobe tract; lateral antennal lobe tract on adult brain template Ito2014; computer graphic]
lateral cerebro-cervical fascicle [FBbt_00100347]
The lateral cerebro-cervical fascicle derives from the inferior lateral part of the cervical connective and projects towards the lateral surface of the saddle and wedge, demarcating their lateral boundaries (Ito et al., 2014).
lateral cerebro-cervical fascicle on adult brain template Ito2014 [VFB_00030847]
[lateral cerebro-cervical fascicle on adult brain template Ito2014; computer graphic]
lateral cervical tract [FBbt_00001626]
Tract that forms part of the larval cervical connective (Nassif et al., 1998; Hartenstein et al., 2015). It is formed by axons of the P3m cluster which extend anteriorly and ventrally, fasciculate with axons from the P1 fiber tract founder cluster, then extend ventrally toward the subesophageal commissure and subesophageal ganglion (Nassif et al., 1998).
lateral cord [FBbt_00005672]
[is part of; lateral cord; fascicle; neuron projection bundle of larval ventral nerve cord]
lateral core of antennal mechanosensory and motor center [FBbt_00100007]
Neuron projection bundle containing the axons of Johnston’s organ neurons (JONs) that arises from the final, most posterior bifurcation of the main trunk of the antennal mechanosensory and motor center (AMMC). (The other bundle arising from this bifurcation is the EA region of the AMMC). The lateral core is devoid of presynaptic sites. It terminates in a bifurcation that gives rise to the synapse rich AMMC zones C and D. That the lateral core of AMMC lacks presynaptic sites is based on negative anti-syntaxin immunolabelling and synaptobrevin::GFP localization (Kamikouchi et al., 2006).
lateral dorsal abdominal tract [FBbt_00047308]
Lateralmost of the three small dorsal tracts that connect the adult thoracic and abdominal neuromeres (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020). It carries fibers between (at least) the metathoracic neuromere and the abdominal neuromere (Power, 1948).
lateral ellipsoid fascicle [FBbt_00052208]
Fascicle of the brain that projects to the central complex (or its primordium in the larva) (Strausfeld, 1976; Lovick et al., 2013; Lovick et al., 2017). It passes close to the mushroom body medial lobe (Lovick et al., 2013). It has an anterior component, formed by the DALv2 lineage, and a posterior component, formed by the BAmv1 (LALv1) lineage (Lovick et al., 2013; Lovick et al., 2017).
lateral equatorial fascicle [FBbt_00049229]
Fascicle of the brain that runs parallel and lateral to the medial equatorial fascicle (Ito et al., 2014; Hartenstein et al., 2015). Its anterior component is formed by the DALv1 lineage and its posterior component is formed by the CP1 lineage (Lovick et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al 2015).
lateral equatorial fascicle on adult brain template Ito2014 [VFB_00030848]
[lateral equatorial fascicle on adult brain template Ito2014; computer graphic; adult lateral equatorial fascicle]
lateral longitudinal fascicle [FBbt_00015899]
Longitudinal fascicle that is found in a lateral position in the larval ventral nerve cord.
lateral medial fascicle [FBbt_00007081]
A transverse axon tract in the protocerebrum which is connected to the inferior lateral protocerebrum, the ventro-lateral protocerebrum and inferior medial protocerebrum.
lateral posterior superior transverse fascicle [FBbt_00049205]
Lateral component of the posterior superior transverse fascicle. It is formed by the DPLl1 lineage (Lovick et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015) and demarcates the boundary between the lateral horn and the superior lateral protocerebrum (Pereanu et al, 2010).
lateral protocerebral tract [FBbt_00001629]
Tract of the embryonic protocerebrum. One of the two axon fascicles that pioneers the protocerebral connective. It is composed of axons of the P5l and P4l clusters that converge and extend anteriorly. At a later stage, axons of the P5m cluster join this tract.
lateral supraesophageal gustatory tract [FBbt_00059251]
A thin supraesophageal gustatory tract that passes through the posterior ventrolateral protocerebrum and projects to the superior lateral protocerebrum and the lateral protocerebrum (Talay et al., 2017).
lateral tract [FBbt_00001647]
Lateral most of the tracts forming the longitudinal connectives of the ventral nerve cord. It is first observed in late stage 16 embryos (Nassif et al., 1998).
lateropharyngeal nerve [FBbt_00001977]
Larval nerve that carries axon fibers from the anterior pharyngeal organ and lateropharyngeal organ to the subesophageal ganglion, entering at the border between the maxillary and labial neuromeres and innervating the labial neuromere (Schmidt-Ott et al., 1994; Nassif et al., 1998; Kendroud et al., 2018).
left dorsal nerve trimmed (T1LEG:605521) [VFB_00102e3z]
dorsal nerve [CC-BY_4.0; X-ray computed tomography; Millimeter-scale imaging of a Drosophila leg at single-neuron resolution; VFB CATMAID Adult T1 Leg (T1Leg); is part of; adult dorsal prothoracic nerve; Adult T1 Leg (Kuan2020); prothoracic leg; female organism; left dorsal nerve trimmed (T1LEG:605521)]
left pb-fb tract W [FBbt_00007603]
Any pb-fb tract W (FBbt:00007503) that is part of some left side of organism (FBbt:00051211).
lineage bundle [FBbt_00049933]
A projection bundle consisting of neurites of all the primary or secondary neurons of at least one lineage or hemilineage (Lovick et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015; Court et al., 2020).
longitudinal superior lateral fascicle [FBbt_00049234]
Longitudinal (anterior-posterior) fascicle of the brain that belongs to the group of fiber bundles that separate the superior protocerebrum from the inferior neuropils (inferior protocerebrum) (Lovick et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015). It is lateral to the longitudinal superior medial fascicle and contains axons of DPLl2/3 lineages (Wong et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015).
longitudinal superior medial fascicle [FBbt_00049235]
Longitudinal (anterior-posterior) fascicle of the brain that belongs to the group of fiber bundles that separate the superior protocerebrum from the inferior neuropils (inferior protocerebrum) (Lovick et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015). It is medial to the longitudinal superior lateral fascicle and contains axons of several DPM and CP lineages (Wong et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015).
longitudinal ventral fascicle [FBbt_00049246]
Large longitudinal fascicle of the brain found ventral to the medial and lateral equatorial fascicles (Lovick et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015). Anteriorly it has three (medial, intermediate and lateral) components, posteriorly another component extends towards the posterior neuropil surface (Lovick et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015).
longitudinal ventral intermediate fascicle [FBbt_00049250]
Intermediate component of the anterior part of the longitudinal ventral fascicle in the brain (Lovick et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015). It is formed from the BAlc (ALl1) ventral hemilineage (Wong et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015).
longitudinal ventral lateral fascicle [FBbt_00049249]
Lateral component of the anterior part of the longitudinal ventral fascicle in the brain (Lovick et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015). It is formed from BAlp2/3 lineages (Wong et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015).
longitudinal ventral medial fascicle [FBbt_00049248]
Medial component of the anterior part of the longitudinal ventral fascicle in the brain (Lovick et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015). It is formed from BAmv1/2 lineages and moves during development to have a more ventral location in the adult (Wong et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015).
longitudinal ventral posterior-lateral fascicle [FBbt_00049247]
Posterior lateral component of the longitudinal ventral fascicle in the brain that is formed from CM lineages (Wong et al., 2013; Lovick et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015).
main trunk of antennal mechanosensory and motor center [FBbt_00100005]
The main trunk (MT) of antennal mechanosensory and motor center (AMMC) is one of two bundles formed by the initial bifurcation of the Johnston’s organ nerve projection, ventro-laterally to the antennal lobe. The second, more lateral bundle forms the anterior portion of AMMC zone A. The MT progresses posteriorly and exhibits a second bifurcation that gives rise to the bundle forming AMMC zone B. A final posterior MT bifurcation gives rise to the AMMC lateral core and EA bundle. The MT is devoid of presynaptic sites. That the MT lacks presynaptic sites is based on negative anti-syntaxin immunolabelling and synaptobrevin::GFP localization. It is this lack of presynaptic sites which is used to distinguish the MT from the branches of the anterior portion of Zone A and zone B which are syntaxin- and synaptobrevin-positive (Kamikouchi et al., 2006).
mALT(L) on JRC_FlyEM_Hemibrain [VFB_00101538]
[adult medial antennal lobe tract; mALT(L) on JRC_FlyEM_Hemibrain; computer graphic]
mALT(R) on JRC_FlyEM_Hemibrain [VFB_00101477]
[mALT(R) on JRC_FlyEM_Hemibrain; adult medial antennal lobe tract; computer graphic]
mandibular nerve [FBbt_00100335]
Mixed sensory-motor nerve that innervates the adult gnathal ganglion (GNG) (Ito et al., 2014). It contains axons from the sensory cells of the mandibles entering the mandibular neuromere of the GNG and GNG motor axons travelling to the mandibular musculature (Ito et al., 2014).
mandibular/maxillary embryonic fiber tract [FBbt_00001640]
Tract of the embryonic mandibular and maxillary neuromeres.
marginal nerve [FBbt_00100113]
Nerve that travels through the marginal (L1) vein (Palka et al., 1979). It carries axons of bristle sensilla of the triple row and the double row plus the large twin sensilla of the margin and the giant sensillum of the radius (Palka et al., 1979).
maxillary anterior commissure [FBbt_00047891]
Any larval anterior commissure (FBbt:00001105) that is part of some larval maxillary neuromere (FBbt:00001975). Hartenstein et al. (2018) say this (and not other mandibular/maxillary commissures) can be distinguished at later stages of development, and also show only one (intermediate) anterior commissure in the maxillary neuromere, so this is probably the intermediate anterior subesophageal (ISA) commissure of Kuert et al. (2014) [FBC:CP].
maxillary nerve [FBbt_00100334]
Nerve that connects to the maxillary appendages.
maxillary/labial embryonic fiber tract [FBbt_00001639]
Tract of the embryonic maxillary and labial neuromeres.
medial antennal lobe tract on adult brain template Ito2014 [VFB_00030826]
[medial antennal lobe tract on adult brain template Ito2014; adult medial antennal lobe tract; computer graphic]
medial cerebro-cervical fascicle [FBbt_00100345]
The medial cerebro-cervical fascicle derives from the superior medial part of the cervical connective and ends in the medial part of the posterior gnathal ganglion (Ito et al., 2014).
medial cerebro-cervical fascicle on adult brain template Ito2014 [VFB_00030850]
[computer graphic; medial cerebro-cervical fascicle on adult brain template Ito2014]
medial cervical tract [FBbt_00001631]
Tract that forms part of the larval cervical connective (Nassif et al., 1998; Hartenstein et al., 2015). It is pioneered by axons from the deutocerebral/tritocerebral cluster during embryonic development (Nassif et al., 1998). Axons that project ventrally fasciculate with the incoming maxillary pCC axon and pioneer the ventral part of the tract (Nassif et al., 1998). Axons that project dorsally converge upon the P2l cluster and pioneer the dorsal part of the tract (Nassif et al., 1998).
medial equatorial fascicle [FBbt_00049261]
Thick longitudinal (anterior-posterior) fascicle of the brain that emerges from cells in the medial posterior rind region and extends along the ventral boundary of the inferior protocerebrum (Pereanu et al., 2010).
medial equatorial fascicle on adult brain template Ito2014 [VFB_00030851]
[adult medial equatorial fascicle; computer graphic; medial equatorial fascicle on adult brain template Ito2014]
medial fascicle [FBbt_00007082]
A vertical axon tract within the protocerebrum connected to the superior/inferior medial protocerebrum and to the ventral body.
medial longitudinal fascicle [FBbt_00005908]
Longitudinal fascicle of the larval ventral nerve cord that is located close to the midline.
medial posterior superior transverse fascicle [FBbt_00049204]
Medial component of the posterior superior transverse fascicle. It is formed by DPLc lineages and demarcates the boundary between the superior lateral and superior medial protocerebrum (Pereanu et al, 2010).
medial protocerebral tract [FBbt_00001628]
Tract of the embryonic protocerebrum. One of the two axon fascicles that pioneers the protocerebral connective. It is formed by the anteriorly projecting axons of the neurons of the P4m cluster, which project toward the P3m cluster.
medial supraesophageal gustatory tract [FBbt_00059249]
A supraesophageal gustatory tract that projects along the midline to the superior medial protocerebrum, where it arborizes away from the midline (Talay et al., 2017).
median bundle [FBbt_00049214]
Tract of the anterior midline of the brain (Lovick et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015). It contains fibers from the BAmas1/2 lineages (Lovick et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015).
median bundle on adult brain template Ito2014 [VFB_00030852]
[median bundle on adult brain template Ito2014; adult median bundle; computer graphic]
median dorsal abdominal tract [FBbt_00047544]
Dorsalmost tract of the adult ventral nerve cord, that runs along the length of the tectulum, close to the midline, following a straight path to the abdominal neuromere (Power, 1948; Boerner and Duch, 2010; Court et al., 2020). It is the medialmost of the three small dorsal tracts that connect the thoracic and abdominal neuromeres (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020).
median dorsal abdominal tract on adult VNC, JRC2018VU [VFB_00104636]
[JRC2018UnisexVNC; is part of; median dorsal abdominal tract on adult VNC, JRC2018VU; adult ventral nerve cord; computer graphic]
mediolateral antennal lobe tract on adult brain template Ito2014 [VFB_00030853]
[mediolateral antennal lobe tract on adult brain template Ito2014; adult mediolateral antennal lobe tract; computer graphic]
mediolateral supraesophageal gustatory tract [FBbt_00059250]
A supraesophageal gustatory tract that travels posterior to the antennal lobe and arborizes in the superior intermediate protocerebrum and the superior lateral protocerebrum (Talay et al., 2017).
mesothoracic leg nerve on adult VNS template, Court2018 [VFB_00100012]
[adult mesothoracic leg nerve; computer graphic; mesothoracic leg nerve on adult VNS template, Court2018; adult VNS template - Court2018]
mesothoracic nerve [FBbt_00002103]
Any nerve (FBbt:00005105) that is part of some mesothoracic segment (FBbt:00000018).
metathoracic leg nerve on adult VNS template, Court2018 [VFB_00100010]
[metathoracic leg nerve on adult VNS template, Court2018; adult metathoracic leg nerve; adult VNS template - Court2018; computer graphic]
metathoracic nerve [FBbt_00002141]
Any nerve (FBbt:00005105) that is part of some metathoracic segment (FBbt:00000019).
MP1 tract [FBbt_00001644]
Tract pioneered by the MP1 neuron in the ventral nerve cord. The MP1 neurons send a bifurcating axon anterior and posterior along two or three segments in a medial fascicle of the longitudinal connectives (Schmid et al., 1999).
multi-lineage bundle [FBbt_00049934]
A projection bundle consisting of multiple closely-associated single-lineage bundles, formed from different lineages, following the same path (Lovick et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015; Court et al., 2020). For example, the bundle of the DPLp1/2 paired lineages in the brain (Hartenstein et al., 2015) or 20/22 of the ventral nerve cord (Court et al., 2020).
nerve [FBbt_00005105]
A bundle of axons connecting the peripheral nervous system to the central nervous system.
nerve root [FBbt_00007602]
The continuation of the neurite bundle and associated glia of a nerve, inside the central nervous system.
nervus corporis cardiaci [FBbt_00049645]
Nerve that connects the corpus cardiacum to the brain (de Velasco et al., 2004; Dirksen et al., 2008; Mahishi and Huetteroth, 2019). These nerves contain the axons of neurosecretory cells of the brain projecting to the corpus cardiacum and corpus allatum (Hartenstein, 2006; de Velasco et al., 2007; Dirksen et al., 2008).
nervus corporis cardiaci I [FBbt_00001721]
Nerve bundle that carries axons of neurosecretory neurons of the pars intercerebralis to the corpus cardiacum (de Velasco et al., 2007; Hartenstein, 2006). The two nerves, NccI and NccII, travel alongside each other after the medial edge of the protocerebrum, and are enclosed by a single perineurial sheath (Hartenstein, 2006).
nervus corporis cardiaci II [FBbt_00110626]
Nerve bundle that carries axons of neurosecretory neurons of the pars lateralis to the corpus cardiacum (de Velasco et al., 2007; Hartenstein, 2006).
nervus corporis cardiaci III [FBbt_00110627]
Bilaterally paired nerve bundle that connects the ring gland to the brain. It comprises the axons of neurons from the neurosecretory cells of the tritocerebrum and subesophageal ganglion (Hartenstein, 2006). Not clear from Hartenstein (2006) whether this exists in Drosophila, but is listed in Ito et al. (2014) - FBrf0224194 for adult [FBC:CP].
neuron projection bundle of adult ventral nerve cord [FBbt_00047528]
Any neuron projection bundle that carries fibers through part of the ventral nerve cord of the adult.
neuron projection bundle of larval ventral nerve cord [FBbt_00047551]
Any neuron projection bundle that carries fibers through part of the ventral nerve cord of the larva.
oblique posterior fascicle [FBbt_00049264]
Conspicuous landmark tract of the brain that crosses over the mushroom body pedunculus, close to the calyx, then turns anteriorly and joins the longitudinal superior medial fascicle (Lovick et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015). It is formed of dorsal components of CP lineages and DPLp1/2 lineages (Lovick et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015). May correspond to the ’lateral horn-medial protocerebrum tract’ of Strausfeld (1976) (Lovick et al., 2013).
ocellar nerve [FBbt_00003699]
Nerve containing the axons from an ocellar ganglion projecting to the superior posterior slope (Ito et al., 2014). There is one for each of the three ocellar ganglia (Ito et al., 2014).
optic chiasma [FBbt_00003921]
The projection of axons between the lamina and medulla (first optic chiasma) or between the medulla and lobula (second optic chiasma). The linear order of axons along each horizontal row of retinotopic cartridges or columns is reversed by the chiasma.
optic nerve [FBbt_00001956]
[optic nerve]
pb-fb tract [FBbt_00007502]
Tract of the adult central complex that contains columnar neurons of the same lineage (DM1, DM2, DM3 or DM4) and innervates a subset of the protocerebral bridge glomeruli and a region of the fan-shaped body (Hanesch et al., 1989; Boyan et al., 2017).
pb-fb tract W [FBbt_00007503]
Lateral tract of the adult central complex that contains columnar neurons of lineage DM4 (neuroblast W) and innervates the lateral two protocerebral bridge glomeruli (8 and 9) and the ipsilateral lateral fan-shaped body (Hanesch et al., 1989; Boyan et al., 2017).
pb-fb tract X [FBbt_00007504]
Lateral tract of the adult central complex that contains columnar neurons of lineage DM3 (neuroblast X) and innervates the second most lateral two protocerebral bridge glomeruli (6 and 7) and the ipsilateral medial fan-shaped body (Hanesch et al., 1989; Boyan et al., 2017).
pb-fb tract Y [FBbt_00007505]
Tract of the adult central complex that contains columnar neurons of lineage DM2 (neuroblast Y) and innervates the third most lateral two protocerebral bridge glomeruli (4 and 5) and the central and contralateral medial fan-shaped body (Hanesch et al., 1989; Boyan et al., 2017).
pb-fb tract Z [FBbt_00007506]
Tract of the adult central complex that contains columnar neurons of lineage DM1 (neuroblast Z) and innervates the most medial three protocerebral bridge glomeruli (1, 2 and 3) and the lateral contralateral fan-shaped body (Hanesch et al., 1989; Boyan et al., 2017).
POC on JRC_FlyEM_Hemibrain [VFB_00101485]
[posterior optic commissure; POC on JRC_FlyEM_Hemibrain; computer graphic]
posterior cerebro-cervical fascicle [FBbt_00100344]
The posterior cerebro-cervical fascicle derives from the superior lateral part of the cervical connective and terminates in the inferior fiber system (Ito et al., 2014). It demarcates the boundaries of the superior posterior slope slope (inferior region), inferior posterior slope (superior region) and wedge (superior-medial) (Ito et al., 2014). It contains the axon of the giant fiber neuron (Ito et al., 2014).
posterior cerebro-cervical fascicle on adult brain template Ito2014 [VFB_00030854]
[computer graphic; posterior cerebro-cervical fascicle on adult brain template Ito2014]
posterior cervical tract [FBbt_00001627]
Tract that forms part of the larval cervical connective and is mainly composed of afferents from the ventral nerve cord to the ipsilateral brain hemisphere (Nassif et al., 1998).
posterior chiasma of the central complex [FBbt_00110650]
Chiasma that lies on the midline between the protocerebral bridge (PB) and fan-shaped body (FB) (Ito et al., 2014). Some fibers from one side of the PB project to the contralateral side of the FB (Ito et al., 2014).
posterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve on adult VNS template, Court2018 [VFB_00100017]
[posterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve on adult VNS template, Court2018; computer graphic; adult posterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve; adult VNS template - Court2018]
posterior lateral ellipsoid fascicle [FBbt_00052210]
Tract of the brain that is formed by the BAmv1 (LALv1) lineage (Lovick et al., 2017). It connects to the central complex (or its primordium in the larva) (Lovick et al., 2013; Lovick et al., 2017).
posterior lateral equatorial fascicle [FBbt_00049231]
Posterior tract of the lateral equatorial fascicle (Lovick et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015). It contains axons of the CP1 lineage (Lovick et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015).
posterior lateral fascicle [FBbt_00049232]
Longitudinal (anterior-posterior) fascicle found on the ventral boundary of the inferior protocerebrum that contains fibers of numerous lineages (Pereanu et al., 2010). Its ventral part is formed by BLVp1 and BLVp2 lineages and its dorsal part is formed by ventral components of CP lineages and DPLpv (Wong et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015).
posterior lateral fascicle on adult brain template Ito2014 [VFB_00030855]
[adult posterior lateral fascicle; computer graphic; posterior lateral fascicle on adult brain template Ito2014]
posterior lateral protocerebrum commissure [FBbt_00049267]
Commissure that connects the two posterior lateral protocerebrum neuropil regions across the midline.
posterior longitudinal superior medial fascicle [FBbt_00049241]
Posterior part of the longitudinal superior medial fascicle that is composed of multiple lineages (Wong et al., 2013; Lovick et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015).
posterior optic commissure [FBbt_00007427]
A large midline-crossing commissure that emerges from the serpentine layer of the medulla and connects the medulla of each brain hemisphere, passing dorsal to the esophageal foramen (Helfrich-Forster and Homberg, 1993; Ito et al., 2014). It demarcates the boundaries of the posterior lateral protocerebrum (posterior-inferior region), superior posterior slope (posterior-inferior region) and inferior posterior slope (posterior-superior region) (Ito et al., 2014). The posterior optic commissure corresponds to the posterior optic tract. The name has been changed to reflect the fact that the tract connects both hemispheres (Ito et al., 2014).
posterior optic commissure on adult brain template Ito2014 [VFB_00030828]
[posterior optic commissure on adult brain template Ito2014; computer graphic]
posterior posteriolateral protocerebral commissure on adult brain template Ito2014 [VFB_00030857]
[adult posterior posterior lateral protocerebrum commissure; computer graphic; posterior posteriolateral protocerebral commissure on adult brain template Ito2014]
posterior superior transverse fascicle [FBbt_00049201]
Posteriormost of three transverse (medial-lateral) fascicles found between the superior and inferior protocerebrum (Pereanu et al, 2010). Its lateral component is formed by DPLl lineages and demarcates the boundary between the lateral horn and the superior lateral protocerebrum (Pereanu et al, 2010). Its medial component is formed by DPLc lineages and demarcates the boundary between the superior lateral and superior medial protocerebrum (Pereanu et al, 2010).
posterior tract of the ventral body [FBbt_00007086]
Longitudinal tract of the adult midbrain connecting the ventral body and central complex to the inferior medial/lateral protocerebrum.
posterior transverse tract [FBbt_00007120]
Tract of the larval brain formed by axons converging from the dorso-posterior and centro-posterior lateral compartments. This tract runs medial along the neuropil glial sheath between the dorso-posterior compartment and the mushroom body calyx before it joins the dorsal posterior commissure.
posterior ventral commissural pioneer tract [FBbt_00001634]
One of the supraesophageal commissural pioneer tracts. It is formed by the collaterals of the axons of the lateral cervical tract, just posterior to the anterior ventral commissural pioneer tract.
primary neurite tract [FBbt_00049287]
Bundle containing fibers connecting the soma to the rest of the neuron (Frechter et al., 2019). One primary neurite tract may contain fibers from many neurons as they enter the neuropil (Frechter et al., 2019).
prothoracic leg nerve on adult VNS template, Court2018 [VFB_00100016]
[adult prothoracic leg nerve; prothoracic leg nerve on adult VNS template, Court2018; adult VNS template - Court2018; computer graphic]
prothoracic nerve [FBbt_00002063]
Any nerve (FBbt:00005105) that is part of some prothoracic segment (FBbt:00000017).
protocerebral embryonic fiber tract [FBbt_00001625]
Fiber tract of the embryonic protocerebrum.
pyriform fascicle [FBbt_00100338]
Tract emerging from the superior-most lateral area of the superior medial protocerebrum and ending in the region between the superior lateral protocerebrum and lateral horn of the adult brain (Ito et al., 2014). It demarcates the boundary between these two regions (Ito et al., 2014).
pyriform fascicle on adult brain template Ito2014 [VFB_00030858]
[computer graphic; pyriform fascicle on adult brain template Ito2014]
RF tract [FBbt_00007508]
Tract carrying the projections of the cell body fibers of ring neurons from their cell body cluster to the bulb (lateral triangle). This tract also carries the fibers of fan-shaped body tangential neurons that have their cell bodies in a cluster adjacent to those of the ring neurons.
second optic chiasma [FBbt_00003922]
Chiasma lying between the medulla and the lobula/lobula plate of the optic lobe (Ito et al., 2014). Axons reverse the linear order between the medulla and the lobula, with axons from the anterior medulla columns projecting to the lateral lobula columns (Ito et al., 2014). The lobula lies opposite to the lobula plate, with the columns representing the anterior visual field being furthest from the medulla. For that reason, there is no chiasms between the medulla and lobula plate (Ito et al., 2014).
segmental nerve root [FBbt_00007599]
The continuation of the neurite bundle and associated glia of the segmental nerve, inside the ventral nerve cord.
single-lineage bundle [FBbt_00049935]
A projection bundle consisting of neurites of all the primary or secondary neurons of only one lineage or hemilineage (Lovick et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015; Court et al., 2020).
stomodeal nerve projection [FBbt_00004002]
Projections of the fibers of the stomodeal nerve of the adult (ascending fibers), in the tritocerebrum, close to the midline. Three different types can be distinguished: a, b and c. Might be better recorded as connected_to than part_of tritocerebrum (VH).
sub-ellipsoid commissure [FBbt_00007078]
Commissure of the adult brain located anterior and ventral of the fan-shaped body that connects left and right ventral bodies.
sub-ellipsoid commissure [FBbt_00052195]
Commissure of the protocerebrum that is formed by the DALcl1/2 lineages (Hartenstein et al., 2015). In the adult it is located anterior and ventral to the fan-shaped body and it connects left and right ventral bodies.
subesophageal commissure [FBbt_00002062]
[subesophageal commissure; symmetrical commissure]
subesophageal embryonic fiber tract [FBbt_00001637]
A massive bundle of neurons crossing the midline at the boundary between subesophageal and supraesophageal ganglia. It carries axons of mainly tritocerebral origin although some axons of neurons located in the mandibular neuromere also contribute to this commissure.
subesophageal nerve [FBbt_00001976]
Nerve that innervates the subesophageal ganglion.
superior AMMC commissure [FBbt_00100357]
Component of the great commissure (Ito et al., 2014). It branches off anteriorly from the great commissure, posterior to the epaulette, and ends in the AMMC (Ito et al., 2014). It runs above the esophagus, dorsal to the inferior AMMC commissure.
superior AMMC commissure on adult brain template Ito2014 [VFB_00030859]
[superior AMMC commissure on adult brain template Ito2014; computer graphic]
superior antennal lobe commissure on adult brain template Ito2014 [VFB_00030860]
[adult superior antennal lobe commissure; superior antennal lobe commissure on adult brain template Ito2014; computer graphic]
superior arch commissure [FBbt_00049270]
Commissure located above the fan-shaped body or its larval primordium (Ito et al., 2014; Hartenstein et al., 2015).
superior ellipsoid commissure [FBbt_00100354]
Commissure lying above the ellipsoid body connecting the superior medial protocerebrum (SMP), superior intermediate protocerebrum (SIP), superior clamp (SCL) and ventrolateral protocerebrum (Ito et al., 2014). It demarcates the boundaries of the ellipsoid body (superior region), SMP (inferior region), SIP (inferior region), SCL (inferior region) and inferior clamp (superior region) (Ito et al., 2014).
superior ellipsoid commissure on adult brain template Ito2014 [VFB_00030861]
[superior ellipsoid commissure on adult brain template Ito2014; computer graphic]
superior posterior lateral protocerebrum commissure on adult brain template Ito2014 [VFB_00030863]
[adult superior posterior lateral protocerebrum commissure; superior posterior lateral protocerebrum commissure on adult brain template Ito2014; computer graphic]
supraesophageal commissural pioneer tract [FBbt_00001632]
Pioneer commissural tract of the embryonic supraesophageal ganglion. It is formed by the continuing axons of the medial cervical, lateral cervical and lateral protocerebral pioneer tracts that form three fascicles. First axons of the medial cervical tract (P2l and D/T clusters) grow medially towards the P2m cluster. Following the outline of this cluster, the axons reach the dorsal midline where they meet and fasciculate with their contralateral counterparts, and form the anterior ventral commissural tract (anterior VCT). A second commissural tract, the posterior VCT, is formed just posterior to the anterior VCT by collaterals of the lateral cervical tract. The third tract, the dorsal commissural tract, is formed by axons of the P4l and P3l clusters that grow anteriorly, make a sharp turn medially and form a commissural bundle dorsally to the anterior VCT.
supraesophageal embryonic fiber tract [FBbt_00001624]
Large tract of neurons crossing the midline at the boundary of the deutocerebrum and pars intercerebralis. It is pioneered by fibers from fiber tract founder clusters P2l and P2m.
supraesophageal gustatory tract [FBbt_00059248]
An axon bundle that projects away from the supraesophageal zone to distant neuropils (Talay et al., 2017).
supraesophageal nerve [FBbt_00001964]
Nerve that innervates the supraesophageal ganglion.
symmetrical commissure [FBbt_00005103]
A symmetrical CNS tract that crosses the midline.
tegumentary nerve [FBbt_00003981]
Adult nerve containing axons from mechanosensory neurons of the head capsule (Ito et al., 2014). Axon fibers innervate the antennal mechanosensory and motor center (AMMC) and may continue into the gnathal ganglion and ventral nerve cord (Ito et al., 2014). This nerve is clearly shown branching from the antennal nerve in Miller, 1950, but need more recent references to support this.
thoracic-abdominal embryonic fiber tract [FBbt_00001641]
Fiber tract of the embryonic ventral nerve cord.
thoracic-abdominal pioneer tract [FBbt_00001642]
Pioneer tract of the embryonic ventral nerve cord. There are two of these: the lateral MP1 and the medial vMP2.
TP4 [FBbt_00005987]
Larval transverse fascicle that follows a relatively ventral path, passing just below the centrolateral (CL) and centrointermediate (CI) fascicles (Landgraf et al., 2003).
TP5 [FBbt_00005988]
Ventralmost transverse fascicle of the larval ventral nerve cord (Landgraf et al., 2003).
tract [FBbt_00005100]
A neuron projection bundle linking two or more synaptic neuropil domains or subdomains within the CNS.
transverse antennal lobe t10ALT tract [FBbt_00049719]
Adult transverse antennal lobe tract followed by several l2PNs between the antennal lobe and higher brain regions (Marin et al., 2020).
transverse antennal lobe t1ALT tract [FBbt_00111311]
Transverse antennal lobe tract that innervates the lateral horn, passing dorsal to the mushroom body pedunculus and posterior to the fan-shaped body.
transverse antennal lobe t2ALT tract [FBbt_00111312]
Transverse antennal lobe tract that innervates the lateral horn and mushroom body calyx, passing through the mushroom body pedunculus and posterior to the fan-shaped body.
transverse antennal lobe t3ALT tract [FBbt_00111313]
Transverse antennal lobe tract that innervates the posterior lateral protocerebrum, passing ventral to the mushroom body pedunculus and posterior to the fan-shaped body.
transverse antennal lobe t4ALT tract [FBbt_00111314]
Transverse antennal lobe tract that bifurcates to innervate the lateral horn and the posterior lateral protocerebrum. The branch that extends to the lateral horn passes dorsal to the mushroom body pedunculus, whereas the other branch runs ventral to it. Both branches run posteriorly to the fan-shaped body.
transverse antennal lobe t5ALT tract [FBbt_00111315]
Transverse antennal lobe tract that innervates the mushroom body calyx.
transverse antennal lobe t6ALT tract [FBbt_00049717]
Adult transverse antennal lobe tract followed by the VP1m++ smPN between the antennal lobe and higher brain regions (Marin et al., 2020).
transverse antennal lobe t8ALT tract [FBbt_00051064]
Adult transverse antennal lobe tract followed by the DA2++ ilPN between the antennal lobe and higher brain regions (Marin et al., 2020).
transverse antennal lobe t9ALT tract [FBbt_00049718]
Adult transverse antennal lobe tract followed by the VP2+ lv2PN between the antennal lobe and higher brain regions (Marin et al., 2020).
transverse nerve root [FBbt_00110306]
The continuation of the neurite bundle and associated glia of the transverse nerve, inside the ventral nerve cord.
tritocerebral commissure [FBbt_00004001]
Commissure of the adult tritocerebrum, formed by the terminals of the fibers ascending through the cervical connective that extend to either half of the tritocerebrum.
type a stomodeal nerve projection [FBbt_00004003]
Stomodeal nerve projection found in the adult tritocerebrum. It has a clustered appearance, bifurcates at the origin of the recurrent nerve and projects to both halves of the tritocerebrum.
type b stomodeal nerve projection [FBbt_00004004]
Stomodeal nerve projection found in the adult tritocerebrum. It has a relatively profuse arborization, bifurcates at the origin of the recurrent nerve and projects to both halves of the tritocerebrum.
type c stomodeal nerve projection [FBbt_00004005]
Stomodeal nerve projection found in the adult tritocerebrum. It extends secondary branches and arborizes around the terminals of the type a and b fibers. It does not bifurcate at the origin of the recurrent nerve and projects to only one half of the tritocerebrum.
ventral ellipse [FBbt_00047237]
Flattened annulus of fibers which lies in a frontal plane that crosses the midline at the posterior edge of the prothoracic medial ventral association center and extends axons posteriorly to the isthmus between the mesothoracic and metathoracic neuromeres (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020). There is a lateroposterior extension of fibers from the posterior end of the ellipse into the metathoracic neuromere, into which joins the bundle that runs out into the metathoracic leg nerve (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020). At the anterior end, the ventral ellipse incorporates the dorsal lateral tract of the ventral cervical fasciculus (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020). Has midline-crossing and longitudinal regions.
ventral lateral tract of ventral cervical fasciculus [FBbt_00047543]
Relatively thin bundle of fibers that extends posteriorly to the anterolateral sides of the metathoracic neuromere at the level of the diagonal bundle contributed to by the ventral ellipse (Power, 1948). Anteriorly, it passes through the mesothoracic neuromere, then makes a characteristic sharp lateral bow, before returning more medially and entering the prothoracic neuromere (Power, 1948). It passes through the prothoracic neuromere as a loose aggregation of fibers, ventral and lateral to the dorsal lateral tract of the ventral cervical fasciculus and connects to the lateral part of the ventral cervical fascicle (Power, 1948). It is found in the same plane as, but lateral to, the ventral ellipse (Power, 1948).
ventral lateral tract on adult VNC, JRC2018VU [VFB_00104637]
[JRC2018UnisexVNC; is part of; ventral lateral tract on adult VNC, JRC2018VU; adult ventral nerve cord; ventral lateral tract of ventral cervical fasciculus; computer graphic]
ventral median tract of ventral cervical fasciculus [FBbt_00047542]
Ventral median continuation of fibers from the ventral cervical fascicle that runs adjacent to the midline as it extends posteriorly (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020). It is the ventralmost tract of the adult ventral nerve cord, extending just below the lower tectulum (Court et al., 2020). Some fibers from this tract extend laterally into to each leg neuropil as the tract extends through the thoracic neuromeres to the abdominal neuromere (Court et al., 2020). It bends dorsally as it enters the abdominal neuromere, terminating in the ventral-anterior region (Power, 1948; Court et al., 2020).
ventral median tract of ventral cervical fasciculus on adult VNC, JRC2018VU [VFB_00104642]
[adult ventral nerve cord; JRC2018UnisexVNC; is part of; ventral median tract of ventral cervical fasciculus on adult VNC, JRC2018VU; computer graphic]
ventral nervous system commissure [FBbt_00049998]
Any symmetrical commissure (FBbt:00005103) that is part of some ventral nerve cord (FBbt:00005097).
ventral posterior lateral fascicle [FBbt_00052213]
Ventral component of the posterior lateral fascicle (Lovick et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015). It is composed of fibers of the BLVp1/2 lineages (Lovick et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015).
ventral prothoracic nerve on adult VNS template, Court2018 [VFB_00100022]
[adult VNS template - Court2018; computer graphic; adult ventral prothoracic nerve; ventral prothoracic nerve on adult VNS template, Court2018]
ventro-medial tract [FBbt_00001646]
Fiber tract of the embryonic ventral nerve cord that develops from the MP1 tract from stage 15.
vertical superior lateral protocerebral tract [FBbt_00052199]
Tract of the brain that is formed by the DPLam lineage (Wong et al., 2013; Hartenstein et al., 2015). It innervates the superior lateral protocerebrum and the inferior protocerebrum (Lovick et al., 2013).
vertical ventrolateral protocerebral fascicle [FBbt_00100341]
The vertical ventrolateral protocerebral fascicle emerges from cells in the lateral cell body region and terminates in the superior lateral protocerebrum (Ito et al., 2014).
vertical ventrolateral protocerebral fascicle on adult brain template Ito2014 [VFB_00030864]
[vertical ventrolateral protocerebral fascicle on adult brain template Ito2014; computer graphic]
VI fascicle [FBbt_00005979]
Ventral fascicle of the larval ventral nerve cord that is found in an intermediate position on the medial-ventral axis (Landgraf et al., 2003).
VL fascicle [FBbt_00005902]
Ventralmost lateral longitudinal fascicle of the larval ventral nerve cord (Landgraf et al., 2003).
VM fascicle [FBbt_00005910]
Ventralmost medial longitudinal fascicle of the larval ventral nerve cord (Landgraf et al., 2003).
vMP2 tract [FBbt_00001643]
Tract of the ventral nerve cord pioneered by vMP2 which projects anteriorly in a medial fascicle of the connective, and extends across segment boundaries (Schmid et al., 1999; Bossing et al., 1996).
wedge commissure [FBbt_00100356]
Commissure lying posterior and inferior to the great commissure and anterior to the posterior optic commissure, connecting the wedges of both hemispheres (Ito et al., 2014). It demarcates the superior posterior slope (inferior region) and inferior slope (superior region) (Ito et al., 2014).
wedge commissure on adult brain template Ito2014 [VFB_00030865]
[wedge commissure on adult brain template Ito2014; computer graphic]
wing nerve [FBbt_00004080]
Nerve of the adult wing. These nerves carry sensory fibers from the sense organs of the wing, and eventually feed into the anterior dorsal mesothoracic nerve (Power, 1948; Palka et al., 1979; Court et al., 2020).